{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T12:18:00Z","timestamp":1773145080152,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,29]],"date-time":"2012-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of death in men aged 40 to 55. Genistein isoflavone (4\u2032, 5\u2032, 7\u2010trihydroxyisoflavone) is a dietary phytochemical with demonstrated anti\u2010tumour activities in a variety of cancers. Topotecan Hydrochloride (Hycamtin) is an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010approved chemotherapy drug, primarily used for secondary treatment of ovarian, cervical and small cell lung cancers. This study was to demonstrate the potential anticancer efficacy of genistein\u2010topotecan combination in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LNC<\/jats:styled-content>a<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content> prostate cancer cells and the mechanism of the combination treatment. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LNC<\/jats:styled-content>a<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content> cells were grown in complete <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RPMI<\/jats:styled-content> medium, and cultured at 37\u00b0C, 5% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> for 24\u201348\u00a0hrs to achieve 70\u201390% confluency. The cells were treated with varying concentrations of genistein, topotecan and genistein\u2010topotecan combination and incubated for 24\u00a0hrs. The treated cells were assayed for (i) post\u2010treatment sensitivity using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MTT<\/jats:styled-content> assay and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> fragmentation, (ii) treatment\u2010induced apoptosis using caspase\u20103 and \u20109 binding assays and (iii) treatment\u2010induced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content> generation levels. The overall data indicated that (i) both genistein and topotecan induce cellular death in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LNC<\/jats:styled-content>a<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content> cells, (ii) genistein\u2010topotecan combination was significantly more efficacious in reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LNC<\/jats:styled-content>a<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content> cell viability compared with either genistein or topotecan alone, (iii) in all cases, cell death was primarily through apoptosis, <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> the activation of caspase\u20103 and \u20109, which are involved in the intrinsic pathway, (iv) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content> generation levels increased significantly with the genistein\u2010topotecan combination treatment. Treatments involving genistein\u2010topotecan combination may prove to be an attractive alternative phytotherapy or adjuvant therapy for prostate cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2012.01576.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,27]],"date-time":"2012-03-27T18:08:20Z","timestamp":1332871700000},"page":"2631-2636","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Anticancer activities of genistein\u2010topotecan combination in prostate cancer cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Vanessa","family":"H\u00f6rmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Florida Atlantic University Davie FL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Kumi\u2010Diaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Florida Atlantic University Davie FL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcia","family":"Durity","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rumbaugh Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research Nova Southeastern University Plantation FL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Appu","family":"Rathinavelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rumbaugh Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research Nova Southeastern University Plantation FL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Cancer Society.Prostate Cancer Detailed Guide [Internet] [accessed October 12 2011; cited November 1 2011]. Available from:http:\/\/www.cancer.org\/Cancer\/ProstateCancer\/DetailedGuide\/prostate-cancer-key-statistics.","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/819010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(96)87355-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.6.1705S"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/85.22.1819"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2006.9.491"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2009.0199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2867-4-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Effects of genistein and structurally related phytoestrogens on cell cycle kinetics and apoptosis in MDA\u2010MB\u2010468 human breast cancer cells","volume":"7","author":"Balabhadrapathruni S","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncol Rep."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2011.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms10073255"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565-008-9054-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/88.13.869"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/88.12.788"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200262140-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00968a057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"PadzurR.FDA approval for topotecan hydrochloride [Internet]. 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