{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T06:24:00Z","timestamp":1772000640752,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,24]],"date-time":"2012-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1345766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Differences in birth outcomes such as low birthweight (LBW), preterm births (PTB), stillbirth, differences in birthweight in Black vs. White race are well known. Infants born to biracial parents (mother and father from either Black or White races) also experience higher adverse birth outcomes. <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic> To systematically review and meta\u2010analyze birth outcomes among parents of mixed racial background compared to parents of same race. <jats:italic>Search strategy<\/jats:italic>. Medline, Embase, CINAHL and bibliographies of identified articles were searched for English language studies. <jats:italic>Selection criteria<\/jats:italic>. Studies reporting association between parental mixed racial status and LBW, PTB, or small\u2010for\u2010gestational age (SGA) outcomes were included. <jats:italic>Data collection and analyses<\/jats:italic>. After exclusion of duplicate cohorts in different publications, data from White mother\u2013Black father (WMBF), Black mother\u2013White father (BMWF) and Black mother\u2013Black father (BMBF) groups were compared with the White mother\u2013White father (WMWF) group. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Eight English language studies from of 26\u00a0335\u00a0596 singleton births were included and reviewed. Compared to the WMWF group, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) were: (a) low birthweight; 1.21 (1.10\u20131.33) for WMBF, 1.75(1.64\u20131.87) for BMWF, and 2.08 (1.81\u20132.38) for BMBF; (b) preterm births; 1.17 (1.05\u20131.31) for WMBF, 1.37 (1.18\u20131.59) for BMWF, and 1.78 (1.59\u20132.00) for BMBF; and (c) stillbirths; 1.43 (0.92\u20132.21) for WMBF, 1.51 (1.09\u20132.08) for BMWF, and 1.85 (1.47\u20132.32) for BMBF. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Biracial status of parents was associated with higher risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes than both White parents but lower than both Black parents, with maternal race having a greater influence than paternal race on pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01501.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,6]],"date-time":"2012-07-06T10:55:07Z","timestamp":1341572107000},"page":"1134-1146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Biracial couples and adverse birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta\u2010analyses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"RAVISHA M.","family":"SRINIVASJOIS","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SHREYA","family":"SHAH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PRAKESH S.","family":"SHAH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"ON BEHALF OF KNOWLEDGE SYNTHESIS GROUP ON DETERMINANTS OF PRETERM\/LBW BIRTHS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","first-page":"825","article-title":"Infant mortality and low birth weight among Black and White infants, United States 1980\u20132000","volume":"288","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","unstructured":"BeadleMR GrahamGN JarrisPE HusseinCA MorganA FinchR.A national partnership for action to end health disparities in the United States.Conference proceeding of the World Conference on Social Determinants of Health held 19\u201321 October 2011 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0910"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.1996.tb00962.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2010.112516"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1715"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2008.083535"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","first-page":"60","article-title":"New marriages,new families: U.S. Racial and Hispanic intermarriage","volume":"2","author":"Lee SM","year":"2005","journal-title":"Population Bull."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1991.tb00724.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_2","first-page":"340","article-title":"Birth weight of US biracial (black\u2010white) infants: regional differences","volume":"8","author":"Polednak AP","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ethn Dis."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.83.8.1125"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2009.1561"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c3428"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02278.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HigginsPT GreenS.Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. 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