{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T04:55:19Z","timestamp":1782104119387,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,2]],"date-time":"2005-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1109721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract.<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>Anaesthesia during pterygium surgery is usually achieved with local injection of anaesthetic medications. The aim of this study was to determine whether lidocaine 2% gel is an effective topical anaesthetic agent for pterygium surgery.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>We conducted a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Fifty\u2010four consecutive patients who had primary pterygium underwent surgical excision of the lesion and conjunctival autograft. Patients were randomized into two groups. Group 1 received 1\u2003ml of lidocaine 2% solution subconjunctivally and group 2 received lidocaine 2% gel topically. The primary outcome of interest was the pain experienced during anaesthetic administration and surgery. Following the dissection and excision of the pterygium, conjunctival autograft was transplanted in each of the patients. Immediately after the operation, pain and discomfort scores were determined using a 10\u2010point linear visual analogue scale.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>The mean pain score during anaesthetic administration was 4.26\u2003\u00b1\u20031.18 in the injection group and 0.92\u2003\u00b1\u20030.56 in the gel group. The mean pain score during surgery was 3.96\u2003\u00b1\u20030.95 in the injection group and 4.0\u2003\u00b1\u20031.01 in the gel group. There was a statistically significant difference in mean pain scores experienced during anaesthetic administration (p\u2003<jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic>\u20030.01). There was no significant difference in mean pain scores experienced during surgery (p\u2003<jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic>\u20030.55). No adverse events were noted.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>In light of these results, we conclude that topical administration of lidocaine 2% gel can be used as an alternative method of anaesthesia in pterygium surgery, especially for patients with needle phobia.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00404.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,30]],"date-time":"2005-03-30T10:25:41Z","timestamp":1112178341000},"page":"206-209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Efficacy of lidocaine 2% gel in pterygium surgery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Oksuz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Tamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200308000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200308000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)00004-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1996.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2003.035063"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(88)80293-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(03)00612-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Peribulbar anaesthesia: a review of technique and complications","volume":"3","author":"Davis DB","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(91)32262-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(98)80331-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(91)32164-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.3928\/1542-8877-19980701-15","article-title":"Primary pterygium surgery using the inferior conjunctival transposition flap","volume":"29","author":"Kim S","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(97)80212-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)00007-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.2.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198711000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X8401200204"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(96)30522-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.11.1285"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(98)80021-7"}],"container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0420.2005.00404.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00404.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T00:11:46Z","timestamp":1696983106000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00404.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,2]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00404.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00404.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1395-3907","1600-0420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1395-3907","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0420","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,2]]}}}