{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T01:15:26Z","timestamp":1794273326470,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,7]],"date-time":"2006-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1144368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract.<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>To evaluate the specific allergic sensitization and epidemiological characteristics of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>This retrospective non\u2010comparative case series included 406 VKC patients. Data included patient and family histories, and results of allergic tests. Annual incidence and prevalence rates were calculated for a cohort of 128 VKC patients from the greater Padua area.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>The great majority of VKC patients were male (76%), with a male\u2003: female ratio of 3.3\u2003:\u20031. A skin prick test, specific serum IgE or conjunctival challenge was positive in 43%, 56% and 58% of patients, respectively. In the cohort of patients from the Padua area, the prevalence of the disease was 7.8\/100\u2003000, with a higher rate in young males (57\/100\u2003000) compared with young females (22\/100\u2003000), and lower rates in people over 16\u2003years of age (3.8\/100\u2003000 in males, 1\/100\u2003000 in females). The incidence of VKC was 1\/100\u2003000, with a higher rate in males under 16\u2003years of age (10\/100\u2003000) compared with females (4.2\/100\u2003000). In people over 16\u2003years of age, the incidence of the disease was 0.06\/100\u2003000, with no difference between males and females.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>An IgE\u2010mediated sensitization was found in only half of the VKC patients. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is not a rare event in the paediatric population but is an extremely rare new disease in adults.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00622.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,23]],"date-time":"2006-04-23T16:15:45Z","timestamp":1145808945000},"page":"406-410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":140,"title":["Case series of 406 vernal keratoconjunctivitis patients: a demographic and epidemiological study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Leonardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Busca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Motterle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiano","family":"Cavarzeran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iva A.","family":"Fregona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Plebani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio G.","family":"Secchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2001.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.84.12.1360"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00446-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(80)90057-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(94)90205-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00092-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)30861-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1999.00585.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.72.1.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(02)00006-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1993.93"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"3036","article-title":"Identification of local Th2 and Th0 lymphocytes in vernal conjunctivitis by cytokine flow cytometry","volume":"40","author":"Leonardi A","year":"1999","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01767-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.4.1169","article-title":"Accumulation of Th\u20102\u2010like helper T cells in the conjunctiva of patients with vernal conjunctivitis","volume":"146","author":"Maggi E","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Limbal vernal kerato\u2010conjunctivitis in Yaounde, Cameroon. A clinico\u2010immunology study","volume":"68","author":"McMoli TE","year":"1991","journal-title":"Rev Int Trach Pathol Ocul Trop Subtrop Sante Publique"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)30962-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.1999.770516.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2002.13375.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)76417-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/0928-6586(200006)7:2;1-Z;FT149"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2745.2003.01616.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2003.01538.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000233640"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)98034-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1989.63"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1177\/004947550303300419","article-title":"Vernal keratoconjunctivitis in Nigerians: 109 consecutive cases","volume":"33","author":"Ukponmwan CU","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trop Doct"}],"container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0420.2005.00622.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00622.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T15:54:52Z","timestamp":1697039692000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00622.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,16]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00622.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00622.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1395-3907","1600-0420"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1395-3907","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0420","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,16]]}}}