{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:24:06Z","timestamp":1791116646276,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,6]],"date-time":"2004-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1094428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychiatr Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Visual\u2010spatial and executive functions deficits have been reported in obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder (OCD). We investigated their specificity comparing cognitive function in OCD, panic disorder with agoraphobia (PD\/A) and controls by a comprehensive neuropsychological battery.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Fifty\u2010five subjects (25 OCD, 15 PD\/A, 15 controls) without current depressive episode underwent structured clinical interview for DSM\u2010IV, Yale\u2013Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Neuropsychological battery assessed: executive functions, visual discrimination, spatial memory and learning, verbal memory, general intellectual functioning.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> OCD showed controlled fluency, visual\u2010spatial construction, learning and memory deficits; PD\/A spatial learning impairment. OCD was discriminated from PD\/A and controls by three tests scores, predicting group membership for 76.4% of the cases.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Visual\u2010constructive and controlled fluency deficits seem specific in OCD, while the spatial learning deficit, shared with PD patients, may not be disorder\u2010specific, but anxiety\u2010related. Results support the proposed ventral frontal\u2010striatal circuit involvement in OCD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00247.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,21]],"date-time":"2005-01-21T18:06:43Z","timestamp":1106330803000},"page":"150-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Selective cognitive deficits in obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder compared to panic disorder with agoraphobia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Boldrini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Del Pace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. P. A.","family":"Placidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Keilp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. P.","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Signori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. F.","family":"Placidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. F.","family":"Cappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_22_2_2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"Americanpsychiatricassociation","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2000.tb10926.x","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction in obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder","volume":"101","author":"Okasha A","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00355-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00278-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.5.415"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(97)00153-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brcg.1995.1017"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(96)00095-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.108.1.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(02)00104-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080032005"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x","article-title":"The assessment of anxiety states by rating","volume":"32","author":"Hamilton M.","year":"1959","journal-title":"Br J Med Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.1967.tb00530.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(86)80058-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_17_2","volume-title":"Wisconsing Card Sorting Test (WCST)","author":"Heaton R.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_18_2","volume-title":"Multilingual aphasia examination","author":"Benton A.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_19_2","first-page":"286","article-title":"Le test de copie d'une figure complex: contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude de la perception et de la memoire [The test of copyng a complex figure: a contribution to the study of perception and memory]","volume":"30","author":"Osterrieth PA.","year":"1944","journal-title":"Archives de Psychologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_20_2","volume-title":"Contributions to neuropsychological assessment","author":"Benton A.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brcg.1998.1039"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(75)80026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.24.11.1019"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_24_2","volume-title":"Revised manual for Raven's Progressive Matrices and Vocabulary Scale","author":"Raven J.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_25_2","first-page":"96","article-title":"Neuropsychological caracteristics of non\u2010depressed adults with obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder","volume":"2","author":"Boone KB","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.8.1.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/1380-3395(200010)22:5;1-9;FT640"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000012373"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2003.00070.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.14.1.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.11.3.395"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.8.3.249"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_33_2","first-page":"110","article-title":"Neuropsychological deficits in obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder","volume":"4","author":"Zielinski CM","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(92)90003-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(95)00179-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01688639508405167"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.167.3.394"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(74)90047-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01688638108403113"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/331585a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3289116"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00201-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(93)90019-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-19-07733.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1997.tb01916.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.141.3.363"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700035984"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_48_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"PET imaging in obsessive compulsive disorder with and without depression","volume":"51","author":"Baxter LR","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1990.01810210048007"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0893-133X(89)90003-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8178168"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1990.tb03059.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-6185(91)90013-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000049292"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1990.tb06489.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_56_2","volume-title":"The nuropsychology of anxiety: an inquiry into the functions of the septohippocampal system","author":"Gray J.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2784226"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810060013003"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.164.4.459"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.16.8683"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.1.137"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(95)02670-R"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0447.2004.00247.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00247.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T11:21:14Z","timestamp":1697455274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00247.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,6]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00247.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00247.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-690X","1600-0447"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-690X","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0447","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,6]]}}}