{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T22:25:24Z","timestamp":1759962324789},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,31]],"date-time":"2008-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Accumulating evidence shows that several kinds of thymic cells express insulin\u2010like growth factor\u2010I (IGF\u2010I), which is known to play an important role in T cell ontogeny under both physiological and pathological conditions. Still, little is known about the mechanisms of IGF\u2010I involvement in the pathological transformation of the thymocyte microenvironment. The present study focuses on a comparative analysis of the IGF\u2010I immunoreactivity of thymic epithelial cells (EC) from human patients with hyperplasia\u2010associated myasthenia gravis (MG) versus physiological thymic tissue from healthy controls using immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy. We show that myasthenic EC overexpress IGF\u2010I in comparison to EC from control subjects. The IGF\u2010I immunoreactivity in the medullary and cortical EC from MG patients was stronger than in the normal gland. The increased expression of IGF\u2010I and more frequent distribution of IGF\u2010I and IGF\u2010I\u2010receptor (IGF\u2010IR) immunopositive EC correlated with modulation in the immunoreactivity of double (IGF\u2010I\/IGF\u2010IR) positive EC. Our data provide new immunocytochemial evidence for alterations of IGF\u2010I and IGF\u2010IR immunoreactivity in EC from pathological thymi. The persisting expression of IGF\u2010I and IGF\u2010IR most likely indicates that the myasthenic thymus is still capable of governing IGF\u2010I signaling pathways, which are involved in the local regulation of T cell development and plasticity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2008.00666.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,31]],"date-time":"2008-01-31T18:10:12Z","timestamp":1201803012000},"page":"50-58","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Thymic epithelial cells of human patients affected by myasthenia gravis overexpress IGF\u2010I immunoreactivity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"TSVETANA T.","family":"MARINOVA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"STEFANIE","family":"KUERTEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DANAIL 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