{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T12:50:33Z","timestamp":1765975833724},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,14]],"date-time":"2010-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1284422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Truusalu K, Kullisaar T, H\u00fctt P, Mahlapuu R, Aunapuu M, Arend A, Zilmer M, Mikelsaar R\u2010H, Mikelsaar M. Immunological, antioxidative, and morphological response in combined treatment of ofloxacin and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus fermentum<\/jats:italic> ME\u20103 probiotic in <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium murine model. APMIS 2010; 118: 867\u201372.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We aimed to elucidate the immunological (cytokines), biochemical (antioxidative), and patho\u2010morphological responses in the gut and liver evoked by the addition of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus fermentum<\/jats:italic> ME\u20103 to ofloxacin (OFX) treatment in an experimental infection model of <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic> serovar Typhimurium. After challenge with <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhimurium and treatment according to different schemes, either with OFX and\/or addition of <jats:italic>L. fermentum<\/jats:italic> ME\u20103, the mice were killed. Blood, liver, spleen, and small intestine samples were plated to detect <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium and lactobacilli. Histological slides were prepared from the liver and ileum. The cytokines (IL\u201010, IFN\u2010\u03b3, and TNF\u2010\u03b1), the glutathione peroxidase and reductase, the glutathione ratio, and the lipid peroxides (LPO) in mucosa of the small intestine and liver were estimated. The addition of <jats:italic>L. fermentum<\/jats:italic> ME\u20103 to OFX increased the eradication of <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium from tested sites because of antagonistic and antioxidative properties, reduced the presence of typhoid nodules in the liver, and decreased the values of LPO. The immunological response included the reduction of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines interferon\u2010\u03b3 and tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 and the increase in anti\u2010inflammatory cytokine interleukin\u201010 in the livers of mice without typhoid nodules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2010.02672.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,14]],"date-time":"2010-09-14T12:55:39Z","timestamp":1284468939000},"page":"864-872","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Immunological, antioxidative, and morphological response in combined treatment of ofloxacin and <i>Lactobacillus fermentum<\/i> ME\u20103 probiotic in <i>Salmonella<\/i> Typhimurium murine model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"KAI","family":"TRUUSALU","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"TIIU","family":"KULLISAAR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PIRJE","family":"H\u00dcTT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RIINA","family":"MAHLAPUU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MARINA","family":"AUNAPUU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ANDRES","family":"AREND","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MIHKEL","family":"ZILMER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RAIK\u2010HIIO","family":"MIKELSAAR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MARIKA","family":"MIKELSAAR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70138-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/497136"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.43.436"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01495-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2007.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-132"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","volume-title":"Guidelines for the Evaluation of Probiotics in Food","author":"FAO\/WHO","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-4-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.6.3189-3194.2004"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.3.741S","article-title":"Advanced molecular tools for the identification of lactic acid bacteria","volume":"137","author":"Ben Amor K","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.037325"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2003.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/73.2.444s"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.03.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2006.03102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2007.00530.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","unstructured":"MikelsaarM ZilmerM KullisaarT AnnukH SongiseppE.Strain of micro\u2010organism Lactobacillus fermentum ME\u20103 as novel anti\u2010microbial and anti\u2010oxidative probiotic 2007; 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