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After 3\u00a0months, two Straumann <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLA<\/jats:styled-content>ctive\u00ae (Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland) implants were placed in each hemi\u2010mandible. Twelve implants were placed into the reduced alveolar ridge (group P) with no further defect or treatment on the site, while on 36 implants, buccal dehiscence defects were created and treated as follows: Group T1: synthetic bone substitute (Straumann Bone Ceramic<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBC<\/jats:styled-content>, Straumann AG). Group T2: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBC<\/jats:styled-content> with a polyethylene glycol membrane (Straumann MembraGel<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, Straumann AG); Group N: the dehiscence remained untreated. Three months following implantation, long, custom\u2010made, healing abutments were placed in one hemi\u2010mandible only to ensure functional loading. After 2\u00a0months, histological analysis was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A trend for lower residual defect height and higher bone\u2010to\u2010implant contact was observed in the loaded sites compared with non\u2010loaded sites in groups P, T1 and N. In group T2, the opposite effect was observed. In terms of bone formation, sites treated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBC<\/jats:styled-content> grafting and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBR<\/jats:styled-content> (group T2) exhibited the largest surface area of regenerated bone followed by T1 and N. Significant resorption of the graft particles was noted in group T2 and the graft surface area occupied by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBC<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly higher in group T1 compared with group T2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Loading may have a positive effect on bone\u2010to\u2010implant contact in implants inserted in pristine bone or inserted in dehiscence sites and treated by grafting\/no grafting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02279.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,30]],"date-time":"2011-09-30T10:42:33Z","timestamp":1317379353000},"page":"591-601","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["The effect of loading in regenerated bone in dehiscence defects following a combined approach of bone grafting and GBR"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Zambon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Unit Department of Clinical Research UCL Eastman Dental Institute London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Mardas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Unit Department of Clinical Research UCL Eastman Dental Institute London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attilla","family":"Horvath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Unit Department of Clinical Research UCL Eastman Dental Institute London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aviva","family":"Petrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Unit Department of Clinical Research UCL Eastman Dental Institute London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Dard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Straumann AG Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Donos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Unit Department of Clinical Research UCL Eastman Dental Institute London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2002.291213.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-009-0289-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.1999.tb00088.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"305","article-title":"The effect of clinical loading on bone regenerated by gtam barriers: A study in dogs","volume":"9","author":"Becker W.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00747.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01473.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408300704"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Localized ridge augmentation using guided bone regeneration. 1. 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