{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:03:33Z","timestamp":1793325813572,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]],"date-time":"2011-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Oral Implants Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bleeding in the floor of the mouth during implant surgery is attributed to arterial injuries in the sublingual space: clinicians may injure the submental and sublingual arteries, which originate from the facial and lingual arteries, respectively. This study aimed to clarify the three\u2010dimensional courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their topographic relation to the mandible.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the gross anatomy course at the Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School, Niigata University (2009\u20132011), we investigated the relationship between the courses of submental and sublingual arteries and their dividing patterns of the mylohyoid muscle, sublingual gland, and mandible using 27 human cadavers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The courses of submental and sublingual arteries were divided into four patterns: (1) the sublingual space was supplied by the sublingual artery (type I: 63%), (2) it was supplied by both the sublingual and submental arteries (type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>: 5.6%), (3) it was supplied by the submental artery without the sublingual artery (type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content>: 29.6%), and (4) type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> without the deep lingual artery originated from the lingual artery (type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.8%). In type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>, the submental artery perforates the mylohyoid muscle or takes a roundabout route to travel near the surface of the mandible. The percentage occurrence of arteries traveling between the sublingual gland and mandible in type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> (55%) is higher than that in type I (8.8%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Susceptibility of the submental artery in type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> to injury during implant surgery is suggested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02348.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]],"date-time":"2011-10-20T07:57:30Z","timestamp":1319097450000},"page":"434-440","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Variation in arterial supply to the floor of the mouth and assessment of relative hemorrhage risk in implant surgery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yuji","family":"Katsumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan"},{"name":"Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Oral Health Science Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ray","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Maxillofacial Radiology Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Maxillofacial Radiology Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taketo","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koga Techno Garden Dental Clinic Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritsuo","family":"Takagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Oral Health Science Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayato","family":"Ohshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(94)90290-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"64","article-title":"Haematoma of the floor of the mouth following implant placement","volume":"57","author":"Boyes\u2010Varley J.G.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of the South African Dental Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"329","article-title":"Hemorrhage of the floor of the mouth resulting from lingual perforation during implant placement: a clinical report","volume":"8","author":"ten Bruggenkate 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