{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T20:52:53Z","timestamp":1783457573238,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,15]],"date-time":"2011-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1316044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>The primary objective of this study was to clinically and histologically evaluate periodontal wound healing\/regeneration following surgical implantation of recombinant human growth\/differentiation factor\u20105 (rhGDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105) adsorbed onto a particulate \u03b2\u2010tricalcium phosphate (\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content>) carrier rhGDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105\/\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content> into periodontal defects in man.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Material & Methods<\/jats:title>Twenty chronic periodontitis patients, each with at least one tooth scheduled for extraction exhibiting a probing depth \u22656\u00a0mm and an associated intra\u2010bony defect \u22654\u00a0mm participated in the study upon written informed consent. Subjects (one defect\/patient) were randomized to receive open flap debridement (OFD<\/jats:styled-content>)\u00a0+\u00a0rhGDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105\/\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content> (n\u00a0=\u00a010) or OFD<\/jats:styled-content> alone (control; n\u00a0=\u00a010). Block biopsies of the defect sites were collected at 6\u00a0months post\u2010surgery and prepared for the histological evaluation. Two masked examiners evaluated the deepest aspect of each defect site relative to bone (height\/area), periodontal ligament (PDL<\/jats:styled-content>) and cementum regeneration, and residual \u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Sites receiving rhGDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105\/\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content> showed numerically greater PD<\/jats:styled-content> reduction (3.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2 versus<\/jats:italic> 3.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.8\u00a0mm; p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.26), less gingival recession (0.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.8 versus<\/jats:italic> 1.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0\u00a0mm; p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.05) and greater clinical attachment level (CAL<\/jats:styled-content>) gain (3.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.7 versus<\/jats:italic> 1.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.2\u00a0mm; p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.14) at the deepest aspect of the defect compared with OFD<\/jats:styled-content> alone. One biopsy in the rhGDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105\/\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content> and four biopsies in the OFD<\/jats:styled-content> group were deemed as not evaluable. Histologically, bone regeneration height was almost threefold greater for the rhGDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105\/\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content> treatment compared with OFD<\/jats:styled-content> alone (2.19\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.59 versus<\/jats:italic> 0.81\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.02\u00a0mm; p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.08). Similarly an almost twofold increase was observed for PDL<\/jats:styled-content> (2.16\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.43 versus<\/jats:italic> 1.23\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.07\u00a0mm; p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.26), cementum (2.16\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.43 versus<\/jats:italic> 1.23\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.07\u00a0mm; p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.26) and bone regeneration area (0.74\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.69 versus<\/jats:italic> 0.32\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.47\u00a0mm2<\/jats:sup>; p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.14). Root resorption\/ankylosis was not observed. Residual \u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content> occupied 8.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.5% of the area of interest in biopsies of patients receiving rhGDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105\/\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content>. Five biopsies (one rhGDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105\/\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content>, four OFD<\/jats:styled-content>) were deemed unsuitable to allow a meaningful histological or histometrical evaluation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Descriptive statistics showed greater PD<\/jats:styled-content> reduction and CAL<\/jats:styled-content> gain, and greater alveolar bone regeneration and periodontal regeneration at sites that received rhGDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105\/\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/jats:styled-content> compared to control. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Future studies with larger sample sizes will have to be conducted to verify these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051x.2011.01778.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,15]],"date-time":"2011-09-15T17:14:44Z","timestamp":1316106884000},"page":"1044-1054","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["A phase II<\/scp>a randomized controlled clinical and histological pilot study evaluating rhGDF<\/scp>\u20105\/\u03b2\u2010TCP<\/scp> for periodontal regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Stavropoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry University of Aarhus Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Experimental and Preclinical Research (CEPBR) Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Windisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Istvan","family":"Gera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Capsius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scil Technology GmbH Martinsried Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Sculean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology University of Berne Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf M. 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