{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T17:07:00Z","timestamp":1781716020027,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,21]],"date-time":"2012-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1337558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the role of coaggregation between <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic> on the virulence of the mixed infection in mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inhibition of coaggregation was carried out using lactose. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, inhibition of coaggregation was verified using a coaggregation assay. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>, the virulence of the mixed infection, with and without coaggregation, was examined in a model of experimental periodontitis in mice. The local host response to the mixed infection, with or without coaggregation, was examined using the subcutaneous chamber model of infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lactose inhibited the coaggregation between <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic> at all the tested concentrations (1\u20130.0625\u00a0M). Surprisingly, the addition of lactose to the mixed infection increased the severity of experimental periodontitis (as measured by alveolar bone loss) compared with mixed infection with coaggregating bacteria. The addition of lactose to the mixed infection resulted in mild attenuation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2 levels. In addition, inhibition of coaggregation resulted in inhibition of the phagocytosis of <jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic> and augmentation of the phagocytosis of <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ability of <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic> to coaggregate may limit their ability to induce experimental periodontitis in a mixed infection model. Moreover, there is a shift in the phagocytosis pattern of the bacteria with the annulment of coaggregeaiton, with a reduction in <jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic> phagocytosis and amplification of <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> phagocytosis. The increased virulence of the mixed infection without coaggregation may surprisingly lay in the sustention of <jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic> in the infected sites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051x.2012.01889.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,3]],"date-time":"2012-04-03T19:07:51Z","timestamp":1333480071000},"page":"617-625","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The role of coaggregation between <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/i> and <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/i> on the host response to mixed infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Polak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology The Hebrew University\u2010Hadassah Medical center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lior","family":"Shapira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology The Hebrew University\u2010Hadassah Medical center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ervin I.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics The Hebrew University\u2010Hadassah Medical center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Houri\u2010Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics The Hebrew University\u2010Hadassah Medical center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.9.1.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)70155-0","article-title":"Human polymicrobial infections","volume":"365","author":"Brogden K. A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.12.8296"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-148-2-467"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1988.tb01590.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1996.0129"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.6.2094-2100.1996","article-title":"Mixed infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in a murine lesion model: potential synergistic effects on virulence","volume":"64","author":"Feuille F.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.59.4.1255-1263.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3204","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.10.3204-3209.1989","article-title":"Inhibition of coaggregation between Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas (Bacteroides) gingivalis by lactose and related sugars","volume":"57","author":"Kolenbrander P. E.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(00)01296-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.12.8355"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2008.00481.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.2004.00175.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-302X.2003.00054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-302x.2000.150606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.8.1282"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000024360"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-051X.2012.01889.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01889.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]],"date-time":"2023-10-15T11:25:48Z","timestamp":1697369148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01889.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,21]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01889.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-051x.2012.01889.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0303-6979","1600-051X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0303-6979","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-051X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,21]]}}}