{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T17:42:50Z","timestamp":1757698970111},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,21]],"date-time":"2005-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1108944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Comm Dent Oral Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract\u2003\u2013\u2003<\/jats:bold><jats:bold> Objectives:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Several types of HIV\u2010related oral mucosal conditions have been reported to occur during the course of HIV disease progression. Of these, few may be manifested as \u2018white\u2019 lesions and many are noticeable to the patient. This paper examines the relationships between social, behavioral and medical aspects of HIV infection and reporting an occurrence of oral white patches (OWP) by HIV\u2010infected patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The subjects are participants in all three interviews in the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study (HCSUS). The subjects were selected using a three\u2010stage probability sampling design. The multivariate analysis is based on 2109 subjects with nonmissing binary outcome variable for all three waves representing a national sample of 214\u2003000 individuals. The multivariate model was fitted using generalized estimating equations (GEE) by implementing the XTGEE command in STATA.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> We estimate that 75\u2003000 persons (35%) reported at least one incident of OWP, of these 14\u2003000 reported having OWP during all three interviews, and that the rate of reporting declined over the three HCSUS waves. The multivariate analysis showed seven variables that were significant predictors of at least one report of OWP.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Compared with persons on HAART therapy, patients on other regimens or taking no antiviral medications were 23\u201346% more likely to report an incident of OWP. Compared with whites, African Americans were 32% less likely to report OWP, while current smokers were 62% more likely than nonsmokers. Being diagnosed with AIDS and having CD4 counts less than 500 significantly increased the likelihood of reporting OWP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2004.00171.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,21]],"date-time":"2005-02-21T11:39:53Z","timestamp":1108985993000},"page":"99-106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Oral white patches in a national sample of medical HIV patients in the era of HAART"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Marvin","family":"Marcus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl A.","family":"Maida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Freed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fariba","family":"Younai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian D.","family":"Coulter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Der\u2010Martirosian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Honghu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Freed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norma","family":"Guzm\u00e1n\u2010Becerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","first-page":"46","article-title":"The degaying of AIDS","volume":"8","author":"Harris P","year":"1999","journal-title":"A & U AIDS"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","first-page":"165","article-title":"Update: trends in AIDS incidence, deaths and prevalence \u2013 United States, 1996","volume":"46","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1997","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199403173301107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","volume-title":"A longitudinal study of access and drug utilization in a cohort with HIV disease. Pharmacy","author":"Smith S","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.266.19.2713"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199201000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90115-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)02308-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(96)80304-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0714.2002.310102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200009010-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04578-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/313843"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.7.1060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2000.tb00137.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(00)70092-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/338637"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10872910050206540"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-104-1-54"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199201000-00013"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","first-page":"951","article-title":"National probability samples in studies of low\u2010prevalence diseases. Part I: Perspectives and lessons learned from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study","volume":"34","author":"Shapiro MF","year":"1999","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","first-page":"969","article-title":"National probability samples in studies of low\u2010prevalence diseases. Part II: Designing and implementing the HIV cost and services utilization study sample","volume":"34","author":"Frankel MR","year":"1999","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529876"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","volume-title":"The analysis of longitudinal data","author":"Diggle PJ","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.2003.tb03479.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345000790060201"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200010010-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa011565"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2001.00005.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2001.117816"}],"container-title":["Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0528.2004.00171.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2004.00171.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T23:57:10Z","timestamp":1697068630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2004.00171.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,21]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2004.00171.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2004.00171.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-5661","1600-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-5661","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,21]]}}}