{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T04:08:22Z","timestamp":1788840502018,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,23]],"date-time":"2012-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1340409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Comm Dent Oral Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was conducted to investigate the association between prolonged breastfeeding and early childhood caries(ECC) with adjustment for important confounders, using hieraschical approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cohort study involved 260 low\u2010income children (18\u201342\u00a0months). The number of decayed teeth was used as a measure of caries. Following a theoretical framework, the hierarchical model was built in a forward fashion, by adding the following levels in succession: level 1: age; level 2: social variables; level 3: health variables; level 4: behavioral variables; level 5: oral hygiene\u2013related variables; level 6: oral hygiene quality measured by visible plaque; and level 7: contamination by mutans streptococci. Sequential forward multiple Poisson regression analysis was employed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Breast\u2010feeding was not a risk factor for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECC<\/jats:styled-content> after adjustment for some confounders (incidence density ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.84\u20131.59, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.363).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prolonged breast\u2010feeding was not a risk factor for ECC while age, high sucrose comption between main meals and the quality of oral higiene were associated with disease in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2012.00703.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,23]],"date-time":"2012-06-23T09:51:25Z","timestamp":1340445085000},"page":"542-549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Association between prolonged breast\u2010feeding and early childhood caries: a hierarchical approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Ana Margarida Melo","family":"Nunes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o S\u00e3o Luis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia Maria Coelho","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o S\u00e3o Luis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Borba de Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T\u00e2nia Mara Lopes","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o S\u00e3o Luis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariz\u00e9lia Rodrigues Costa","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o S\u00e3o Luis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Augusto Moura da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o S\u00e3o Luis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cec\u00edlia Claudia Costa","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o S\u00e3o Luis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2491"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2009.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000108596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","volume-title":"Global strategy for infant and young child feeding","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/25.4.693"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"The incidence and duration of breastfeeding","volume":"4","author":"Rogus IS","year":"1997","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Feeding habits and severe early childhood caries in Brazilian preschool children","volume":"27","author":"Azevedo TDPL","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2000.280401.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.1999.tb03268.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-167"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2004.00569.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2006.00352.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2006.00246.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2010.00540.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2209\/tdcpublication.47.161"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2209\/tdcpublication.47.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910608500115"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry.Policy on Early Childhood Caries (ECC): classifications consequences and preventive strategies.2008.5p. Available at:www.aapd.org\/media\/Policies_Guidelines\/PECC classifications.pdf. [last accessed 1 September 2008]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508020734"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Breastfeeding and infant caries: no connection","volume":"6","author":"Palmer B","year":"2000","journal-title":"ABM News and Views"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Investigation of the role of human breast milk in caries development","volume":"21","author":"Erickson PR","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"In situ study of bovine milk cariogenicity: clinical aspects","volume":"2","author":"Ara\u00fajo FB","year":"1998","journal-title":"Rev ABO Nac"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2007.00408.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0124"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"A Systematic overview of the relationship between infant feeding caries and breast\u2010feeding","volume":"75","author":"Sinton J","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ont Dent"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"5199","article-title":"Breastfeeding and early childhood caries: a critical review","volume":"80","author":"Ribeiro NME","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03404819"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0722.2001.00022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","first-page":"1237","article-title":"Profile of public dental care for children and adolescents in S\u00e3o Luis,Maranh\u00e3o State","volume":"12","author":"Batista da Silva MC","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cienc Saude Colet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","volume-title":"Oral health surveys\u2010basic methods","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2006.00287.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2010.01280.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000016466"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Problems and proposals for recording gingivitis and plaque","volume":"25","author":"Ainamo J","year":"1975","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","first-page":"EO33","article-title":"Effectiveness of a mouthwash containing Triclosan and Gantrez in the reduction of biofilm and gingivitis: a clinical pilot study","volume":"10","author":"Andrade Acevedo R","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-788"}],"container-title":["Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0528.2012.00703.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2012.00703.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T15:58:50Z","timestamp":1700582330000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2012.00703.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,23]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2012.00703.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2012.00703.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-5661","1600-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-5661","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,23]]}}}