{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T03:05:58Z","timestamp":1788923158583,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,5]],"date-time":"2006-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1157414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There are very few reports on hypersensitivity reactions in association with titanium\u2010based materials so that the existence of allergy to titanium is still put in question. We report on a patient in whom impaired fracture healing and eczema localized to the perioperative area developed upon titanium\u2010based osteosynthesis. Patch testing gave no reactions to titanium nor to nickel, chromium, or cobalt. However, in the lymphocyte transformation test, the patient\u2019s lymphocytes showed markedly enhanced proliferation <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> to titanium. After removal of the titanium material, fracture healing was achieved and the eczema cleared. Parallel to this, <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> hyperreactivity to titanium disappeared. Although contact allergic reactions to titanium have been very rarely reported, these findings support a diagnosis of titanium allergy in our patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2006.00931.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,5]],"date-time":"2006-09-05T13:56:46Z","timestamp":1157464606000},"page":"199-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":132,"title":["Hypersensitivity to titanium osteosynthesis with impaired fracture healing, eczema, and T\u2010cell hyperresponsiveness <i>in vitro<\/i>: case report and review of the 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