{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T16:04:55Z","timestamp":1776355495942,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]],"date-time":"2012-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1337126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Dermatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background.<\/jats:bold> Exposure to humid environments\/water and prolonged glove occlusion are both believed to cause irritant contact dermatitis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives.<\/jats:bold> To study the effects of different forms of wet work, especially the differences between water exposure and occlusion, by using an experimental model simulating occupational wet work.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods.<\/jats:bold> The responses to water exposure and occlusion over multiple daily exposure periods for 7 days were compared in 73 volunteers. After the 1 week exposure, the sites were irritated with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS). Comparison was performed via visual inspection and bioengineering methods.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold> Whereas occlusion did not induce measurable alterations in skin physiology, water exposure for more than 3 hr daily caused a significant increase in transepidermal water loss (TEWL) as compared with the control areas. SLS irritation of the previously occluded and the water\u2010exposed sites induced higher TEWL and clinical scores in a time\u2010dependent fashion as compared with the control areas, with more pronounced reactions in the water\u2010exposed sites than in the occluded sites.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> Both previous occlusion and water exposure were capable of inducing higher susceptibility to SLS irritation. Skin hydration by occlusion had a different biological effect than water exposure. Short occlusions seem to harm the skin less than water exposure for the same duration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2012.02063.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,17]],"date-time":"2012-05-17T16:55:17Z","timestamp":1337273717000},"page":"217-228","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Evidence of increased skin irritation after wet work: impact of water exposure and occlusion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Manig\u00e9","family":"Fartasch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Taeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Horst C.","family":"Broding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Sch\u00f6neweis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatrix","family":"Gellert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ute","family":"Pohrt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Br\u00fcning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","unstructured":"Committee on Hazardous Substances\u2014AGS\u2010management\u2014BAuA.TRGS 401: Technical Rules for Hazardous Substances: risks resulting from skin contact\u2014identification assessment measures 2008. 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