{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T05:17:06Z","timestamp":1776921426873,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,30]],"date-time":"2006-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1156896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Leishmaniasis is an infection caused by a protozoan parasite belonging to genus <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> and transmitted by the <jats:italic>Phlebotomus<\/jats:italic> sandfly. Clinical presentations of infection include visceral, cutaneous, and mucocutaneous forms. Leishmaniasis is endemic in Africa, Asia, Europe, South America, and southern part of North America. This infection is extremely rare in the US and is mostly found among travelers coming from endemic areas. Cases of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis have been reported in organ transplant recipients in endemic areas.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Case report:\u2002<\/jats:bold> We describe a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a kidney transplant patient, originally from Bolivia, who resides in the area known to be non\u2010endemic for leishmaniasis and who is known not to travel within or outside of the US after the transplantation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Histologic examination of cutaneous lesion revealed extensive subcutaneous lymphohistiocytic inflammation with clusters of amastigote within histiocytes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> To our knowledge, this is the first case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a kidney transplant patient residing in the US in an area known to be non\u2010endemic for leishmaniasis, probably after reactivation of a previously dormant infection acquired outside of the US at least 9 months prior to developing clinical symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2006.00532.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,30]],"date-time":"2006-08-30T19:43:32Z","timestamp":1156967012000},"page":"701-704","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Reactivation of dormant cutaneous <i>Leishmania<\/i> infection in a kidney transplant patient"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Marjan","family":"Mirzabeigi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uzma","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Baraniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Dowdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Ciancio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Vincek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_2","first-page":"820","article-title":"Leishmaniasis in a heart transplant patient","volume":"11","author":"Golino A","year":"1992","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1985.34.58","article-title":"Human cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired in Texas","volume":"34","author":"Gustafson TL","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Med Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(83)90068-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_2","first-page":"279","article-title":"Mechanisms associated with immunoregulation in human American cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"57","author":"Castes M","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1986.tb00854.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(01)00263-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/520457"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199805270-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000169024"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_2","first-page":"2715","article-title":"A case report of kala\u2010azar in a kidney transplant patient","volume":"5","author":"Malek Hosseini SA","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_2","first-page":"16","article-title":"Leishmaniasis: a rare cause of unexplained fever in a renal graft recipient","volume":"50","author":"Moulin B","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP60289"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10178-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_2","first-page":"187","article-title":"A comparison of five selective media for the primary isolation of leishmania strains in India","volume":"3","author":"Ghosh AK","year":"1987","journal-title":"Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_2","first-page":"1396","volume-title":"Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment","author":"Goldsmith RS","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_2","first-page":"6","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis: recognition and treatment","volume":"69","author":"Markel WH","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u2010Division of parasitic diseases.Fact sheet\u2010leishmania infection (leishmaniasis). 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