{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T12:20:24Z","timestamp":1753359624741},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,16]],"date-time":"2006-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1163635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Decreased numbers of Langerhans cells (LCs) in the cervix of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2010infected women are believed to contribute to the progression of human papilloma virus (HPV)\u2010related squamous intraepithelial lesions. However, this impairment of local immunity has not been well studied in the vulva. The objective of this study was to compare the S100+ LC density in high\u2010grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) in HIV\u2010positive and HIV\u2010negative women.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> HIV\u2010positive and HIV\u2010negative patients with high\u2010grade VIN, 48 (55%) and 40 (45%), respectively, were identified by retrospective chart review. Smoking status of patients was noted. The mean LC count per high\u2010power field (HPF) was determined using S100 immunohistochemical staining. <jats:italic>In situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization was performed to detect HPV DNA types 16 and 18.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Mean S100+ LC counts for HIV\u2010positive and HIV\u2010negative patients were 5.82 and 9.86 per HPF, respectively (p = 0.0026). LC counts in HIV\u2010positive and HIV\u2010negative patients were compared between smoking and nonsmoking groups (HIV\u2010positive p = 0.4812, HIV\u2010negative p = 0.2821).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> HIV\u2010positive patients with high\u2010grade VIN had significantly lower LC counts compared with HIV\u2010negative patients. This suggests that local vulvar immunity as evaluated by S100+ LCs is impaired in HIV\u2010positive women, possibly contributing to the progression of HPV\u2010related vulvar lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2006.00663.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,16]],"date-time":"2006-11-16T13:53:32Z","timestamp":1163685212000},"page":"565-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Langerhans cell density and high\u2010grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia in women with human immunodeficiency virus infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Janis M.","family":"Taube","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lynette 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