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This study presents a literature review concerning Splendore\u2010Hoeppli reaction in the mucocutaneous diseases. It examines the histopathological features, nature and differential diagnosis of this reaction. It also discusses the mucocutaneous infections and the non\u2010infective diseases associated with it. Available studies indicate that several mucocutaneous infections can generate Splendore\u2010Hoeppli reaction. The fungal infections include sporotrichosis, pityrosporum folliculitis, zygomycosis, candidiasis, aspergillosis and blastomycosis. The bacterial infections include botryomycosis, nocardiosis and actinomycosis. The parasitic conditions include orbital pythiosis, strongyloidiasis, schistosomiasis and cutaneous larva migrans. In addition, Splendore\u2010Hoeppli reaction may be seen with non\u2010infective pathology such as hypereosinophilic syndrome and allergic conjunctival granulomas. The Splendore\u2010Hoeppli reaction material comprises antigen\u2010antibody complex, tissue debris and fibrin. Although the exact nature of this reaction is unknown, it is thought to be a localized immunological response to an antigen\u2010antibody precipitate related to fungi, parasites, bacteria or inert materials. The characteristic formation of the peribacterial or perifungal Splendore\u2010Hoeppli reaction probably prevents phagocytosis and intracellular killing of the insulting agent leading to chronicity of infection. To conclude, Splendore\u2010Hoeppli reaction is a tell tale of a spectrum of infections and reactive conditions. The molecular pathways involved in the development of this reaction are open for future investigations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2008.01045.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,11]],"date-time":"2008-10-11T18:58:08Z","timestamp":1223751488000},"page":"979-988","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Mucocutaneous Splendore\u2010Hoeppli phenomenon"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Mahmoud R.","family":"Hussein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.1990.33.11-12.513"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.1991.tb01239.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","first-page":"2545","article-title":"Small vessel vasculitis in a patient with botryomycosis","volume":"33","author":"Snowden MJ","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(82)80049-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1035492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100140214020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2350\/06-02-0051.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/2001-125-1515-SHP"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","first-page":"1123","article-title":"Botryomycosis (\u2018bacterial ball\u2019) of the sinonasal tract caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"120","author":"Wenig BM","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","first-page":"217","article-title":"Splendore\u2010Hoeppli phenomenon about silk sutures in tissue","volume":"95","author":"Liber AF","year":"1973","journal-title":"Arch Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","first-page":"182","article-title":"[Subcutaneous phycomycosis successfully treated with itraconazole]","volume":"123","author":"Mahe A","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","first-page":"993","article-title":"The Hoeppli phenomenon in schistosomiasis. 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