{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T19:42:03Z","timestamp":1770752523797,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,3]],"date-time":"2005-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>Purpose<\/jats:italic>:\u2002To assess the usefulness of new culture\u2010independent microbiological methods to analyse bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from haematological patients with clinical pneumonia. <jats:italic>Patients and methods<\/jats:italic>: Results of 135 BALs from 122 disease episodes in 99 patients treated between 1996 and 2002 were retrospectively analysed. Forty\u2010three patients had undergone haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 56 patients had been treated with conventional chemotherapy for haematological malignancy. In addition to conventional microbiological methods, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for <jats:italic>Pneumocystis carinii<\/jats:italic>, cytomegalovirus (CMV), <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic> sp., mycobacterium, <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and the <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> antigen test were performed. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>:\u2002Three (2.2%) quantitative and four (3.0%) special bacterial cultures gave an aetiological diagnosis. A respiratory virus was isolated in 10 episodes (8.2%). The diagnostic yield increased to 35.6% (48 of 135) by other methods. The <jats:italic>P. carinii<\/jats:italic> PCR test was positive in 21 of 24 patients with <jats:italic>P. carinii<\/jats:italic> pneumonia, being the only microbiological indication of <jats:italic>P. carinii<\/jats:italic> in four cases. The CMV PCR test was positive in 18 patients, but in 14 patients the clinical significance of the finding remained unproven. The <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> antigen test was positive in seven of nine patients with aspergillosis, being the only microbiological indication of <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> in three cases. The result of BAL indicated commencement of specific antimicrobial treatment in 27 episodes (22.1%). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>:\u2002The contribution of new culture\u2010independent methods to the total diagnostic yield was of note. Among these methods, the <jats:italic>P. carinii<\/jats:italic> PCR and <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> antigen tests proved the most valuable, while the CMV PCR test was not clinically useful.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2004.00373.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,3]],"date-time":"2005-02-03T23:19:09Z","timestamp":1107472749000},"page":"203-211","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Bronchoalveolar lavage in immunocompromised patients with haematological malignancy \u2013 value of new microbiological 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