{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T05:00:12Z","timestamp":1788325212301,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,23]],"date-time":"2006-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1148342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>Objectives<\/jats:italic>:\u2002Some studies have indicated patients who received rituximab as adjuvant to stem cell transplantation had an increased risk of developing severe hypogammaglobulinemia. The mechanism of this hypogammaglobulinemia is unknown, although investigators have hypothesized a further delay in the B\u2010cell recovery as one potential etiology. The aim of this study is to clarify the mechanism(s) of this hypogammaglobulinemia. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>:\u2002A total of 14 patients with high\u2010risk CD20<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> lymphoma underwent an autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT). After a hematological recovery, rituximab was given weekly for up to four doses as an adjuvant therapy. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>:\u2002After a median follow up of 33.5\u2003months, we found six patients (group A) who had hypogammaglobulinemia, while the eight other patients (group B) had normal serum immunoglobulin levels. A phenotypical analysis revealed that group A patients had already achieved B\u2010cell recovery. However, we found a severe delay in the recovery of CD27<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> memory B cells, especially in the IgD<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\/CD27<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> switched populations in group A, but CD27 negative naive B\u2010cells reverted to a normal range in both groups. Consistent with this, reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction studies with peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed that most patients in group A lacked more than two classes of isotype transcripts. <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>:\u2002Abnormal repertoires and impaired isotype expression are seen in patients with common variable immunodeficiency, these data suggested that rituximab after APBSCT can affect not only the B\u2010cell quantities, but also the recovery of the B\u2010cell repertoires.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2006.00693.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,23]],"date-time":"2006-05-23T14:46:33Z","timestamp":1148395593000},"page":"226-232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Hypogammaglobulinemia with a selective delayed recovery in memory B cells and an impaired isotype expression after rituximab administration as an adjuvant to autologous stem cell transplantation for non\u2010Hodgkin 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