{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T13:22:22Z","timestamp":1770988942787,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,10]],"date-time":"2008-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1215648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thalidomide monotherapy in relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma (MM) has a response rate of 30%. The combination of thalidomide with dexamethasone (Thal\/Dex) is expected to improve responses, but it is unknown if the combination increases the rate of adverse events. Here, we conducted a systematic review of studies evaluating Thal\/Dex in relapsed\/refractory MM. Twelve studies were included, comprising 451 patients. The response rate (CR and PR) was 46% (95% CI 42\u201351%). Therapy\u2010related toxicity was comparable to thalidomide monotherapy and included somnolence (26%, 95% CI 22\u201331%), constipation (37%, 95% CI 32\u201342%) and peripheral neuropathy (27%, 95% CI 23\u201332%). Only venous thromboembolism appeared to occur more often with Thal\/Dex (5%, 95% CI 3\u20138%). Thus, using Thal\/Dex results in an improved response rate in relapsed\/refractory MM, with a toxicity rate comparable to thalidomide monotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2008.01121.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,10]],"date-time":"2008-07-10T15:05:07Z","timestamp":1215702307000},"page":"247-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["A systematic review of phase II trials of thalidomide\/dexamethasone combination therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Marie","family":"Von Lilienfeld\u2010Toal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corinna","family":"Hahn\u2010Ast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Furkert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Naumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Bargou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Glasmacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05914.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190601001904"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04345.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011132808904"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.thj.6200403"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017A","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V108.11.3563.3563","article-title":"A Randomized comparison of dexamethasone\u2003+\u2003thalidomide (Dex\/Thal) vs dex\u2003+\u2003placebo (Dex\/P) in patients (pts) with relapsing multiple myeloma (MM)","volume":"108","author":"Fermand J","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.21.2558-c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"S237","article-title":"Low dose thalidomide plus dexamethasone for relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma: a single center experience","volume":"4","author":"Caravita T","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Hematol J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"V 206","article-title":"Phase II study of thalidomide with dexamethasone for relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"16","author":"Kinoshita T","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"290 B","article-title":"Thalidomide combined with dexamethasone and pamidronate to patients with advanced myeloma, better than thalidomide alone?","volume":"96","author":"Linder O","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"388 B","article-title":"A combined therapy with thalidomide, dexamethasone and zolendronate is highly effective and well tolerated in pre\u2010treated patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"100","author":"Musto P","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1532\/IJH97.05049"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-005-1007-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403890"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"163 A","article-title":"Rapid response and early relapse after thalidomide plus dexamethasone salvage therapy in patients with advanced relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"98","author":"Tosi 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