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Purpose of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the antileukemic efficacy and toxicity of clofarabine\u2010based chemotherapy followed by RIC and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) for high\u2010risk, relapsed, or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). From May 2007 until October 2009, a total of 27 patients underwent allogeneic SCT after treatment with clofarabine and ara\u2010C for 5\u2003d and RIC (4\u2003Gy TBI\/cyclophosphamide\/ATG). Prophylaxis of graft\u2010versus\u2010host disease (GvHD) consisted of cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil. Unmanipulated G\u2010CSF mobilized PBSC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200326) or bone marrow cells (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20031) were transplanted from unrelated (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200321) or matched related (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20036) donors. Non\u2010hematological toxicities of this regimen mainly affected liver and skin and were all reversible. Seven patients relapsed within a median time of 5.7\u2003months. The overall survival (OS) and relapse\u2010free survival rates were 56% and 52% at 2\u2003yr, respectively. In this cohort of patients, cytoreduction with clofarabine\/ara\u2010C (ClAraC) followed by RIC allogeneic SCT was well tolerated and showed good antileukemic efficacy even in patients with high\u2010risk AML or MDS, with engraftment and GvHD\u2010incidence comparable to other RIC regimens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2011.01703.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T06:14:05Z","timestamp":1314857645000},"page":"52-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Cytoreductive treatment with clofarabine\/ara\u2010C combined with reduced\u2010intensity conditioning and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with high\u2010risk, relapsed, or refractory acute myeloid leukemia and advanced myelodysplastic 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