{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T16:27:53Z","timestamp":1789921673880,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,22]],"date-time":"2006-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1156204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Melanomas rarely occur before puberty, have a higher death rate for males, and tend to be more invasive during pregnancy. Prior to the discovery of a second oestrogen receptor (ER<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>), studies with the initial oestrogen receptor, ER<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, showed no obvious role for oestrogen in the pathophysiology of benign or malignant melanocytic lesions. To investigate the specific immunostaining patterns of ER<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and ER<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, benign nevocytic nevi, dysplastic nevi with mild, moderate and severe cytological atypia, lentigo malignas and melanomas of varying depth (Clark) and thickness (Breslow) were studied. ER<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> but not ER<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> was the predominant oestrogen receptor we found in all types of benign and malignant melanocytic lesions. The most intense ER<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> immunostaining was seen in melanocytes in dysplastic nevi with severe cytological atypia and in lentigo malignas. ER<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> expression levels also correlated with the malignant tumor microenvironment; i.e., melanocytes in proximity with keratinocytes&gt;deeper dermal melanocytes in contact with stroma&gt;minimally invasive melanomas&gt;Clark Level III\/IV or thick melanomas (Breslow). Discovery that ER<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> expression varies in relation to the tumor microenvironment and increasing depth of invasion suggests its possible usefulness as a surrogate marker for neoplasia and prognosis in malignant melanoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2006.00502.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,22]],"date-time":"2006-08-22T13:28:03Z","timestamp":1156253283000},"page":"971-980","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Oestrogen receptor\u2010\u03b2 expression in melanocytic lesions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Adriana N.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian B.","family":"Nanney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan S.","family":"Boyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Lloyd E.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darrel L.","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3753802"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.244.8.791"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"819","article-title":"Estrogen and progesterone receptors and tamoxifen in malignant melanoma","volume":"64","author":"Karakousis CP","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19800915)46:6<1463::AID-CNCR2820460628>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","first-page":"4244s","article-title":"Use of a monoclonal anti\u2010estrogen receptor antibody in the immunohistochemical evaluation of human tumors","volume":"46","author":"McCarty KS","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-5379(83)90041-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1985.01660100062015","article-title":"Estrogen and progesterone receptors in melanocytic lesions. 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