{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:54:53Z","timestamp":1773291293334,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,11]],"date-time":"2007-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1176249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Abstract\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    The anti\u2010inflammatory mechanisms of adapalene, a synthetic retinoid used for the treatment of acne patients, are partially understood. They seem particularly related to the modulation of the non\u2010specific immunity. Recent studies have shown that Toll\u2010like receptor (TLR)\u20102 expression, a receptor of the innate immune system, was increased in acne lesions and could play an essential role in acne\u2010linked inflammation. The aim of our study was to investigate the new mechanisms of the anti\u2010inflammatory activity of adapalene\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and more specifically the modulatory effect of adapalene on the expression of TLR\u20102, CD1d, a cell surface gycoprotein that plays a role as antigen\u2010presenting molecules and is responsible for the development of cutaneous inflammation, and also on the expression and the secretion of the anti\u2010inflammatory interleukin (IL)\u201010 cytokine. Both explants of normal human skin and explants of acne patients were incubated with adapalene (10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup>\n                    or 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2003\n                    <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                    ) or the control medium for 24\u2003h. Evaluation of epidermal expression by immunohistochemistry showed a decreased expression of TLR\u20102 and IL\u201010 in explants of normal skin and explants of acne with adapalene. On the contrary, adapalene increased CD1d expression in explants of acne patients. Thus, adapalene can modulate the epidermal immune system by increasing the CD1d expression and by decreasing the IL\u201010 expression by keratinocytes. Moreover, these modulations could increase the interactions between dendritic cells and T lymphocytes and could strengthen the antimicrobial activity against\n                    <jats:italic>Propionibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The decreased expression of TLR\u20102 by the keratinocytes can contribute to explain the anti\u2010inflammatory activity of adapalene observed in clinical practice.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2007.00552.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,28]],"date-time":"2007-04-28T09:25:29Z","timestamp":1177752329000},"page":"500-506","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["<i>In vitro<\/i>\n                    modulation of TLR\u20102, CD1d and IL\u201010 by adapalene on normal human skin and acne inflammatory 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