{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T08:21:12Z","timestamp":1778919672581,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,23]],"date-time":"2009-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The biologically active metabolite of vitamin D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, 1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>,25\u2010dihydroxyvitamin D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, has potent immunomodulatory activity; however, its clinical use is limited because of its hypercalcaemic activity in anti\u2010inflammatory active doses. Here, we present ZK203278, a novel, structurally different vitamin D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> analogue with profound immunomodulatory activities. It potently inhibits lymphocyte proliferation in the mixed lymphocyte reaction, and release of cytokines that are central in inflammation, such as TNF<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and IL\u201012 in the low nanomolar range. Similarly, expression of cell\u2010surface molecules involved in cell adhesion and antigen presentation, e.g. to T cells, is down\u2010regulated on human monocytes by low nanomolar concentrations of ZK203278. Potent anti\u2010inflammatory activity has been demonstrated also <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> in rodent disease models. ZK203278 inhibited allergic contact dermatitis in rodents after oral administration in doses approximately two orders of magnitude below the hypercalcaemic threshold dose. Moreover, ZK203278 significantly prolonged skin allograft survival in rats in well\u2010tolerated doses. Altogether ZK203278, in contrast to 1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>,25\u2010dihydroxyvitamin D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, exerts considerable immunomodulatory activity at non\u2010hypercalcaemic dosages and may have therapeutic potential for immune disorders or transplant rejection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.00845.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,23]],"date-time":"2009-02-23T10:16:10Z","timestamp":1235384170000},"page":"619-627","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Immunomodulation by a novel, dissociated Vitamin D<sub>3<\/sub> 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