{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T06:58:00Z","timestamp":1792738680000,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,17]],"date-time":"2012-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1345161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Host, environmental and genetic factors differently modulate cutaneous melanoma (CM<\/jats:styled-content>) risk across populations. Currently, the main genetic risk determinants are germline mutations in the major known high\u2010risk susceptibility genes, \nCDKN<\/jats:styled-content>2A<\/jats:italic> and \nCDK<\/jats:styled-content>4<\/jats:italic>, and variants of the low\u2010risk gene \nMC<\/jats:styled-content>1R<\/jats:italic>, which is key in the pigmentation process. This case\u2013control study aimed at investigating the influence of the main host and environmental risk factors and of \nMC<\/jats:styled-content>1R<\/jats:italic> variation on CM<\/jats:styled-content> risk in 390 \nCDKN<\/jats:styled-content>2A<\/jats:italic>\u2010negative and 49 \nCDKN<\/jats:styled-content>2A<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive Italian individuals. Multivariate analysis showed that \nMC<\/jats:styled-content>1R<\/jats:italic> variation, number of nevi and childhood sunburns doubled CM<\/jats:styled-content> risk in \nCDKN<\/jats:styled-content>2A<\/jats:italic>\u2010negative individuals. In \nCDKN<\/jats:styled-content>2A<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive individuals, family history of CM<\/jats:styled-content> and presence of atypical nevi, rather than \nMC<\/jats:styled-content>1R<\/jats:italic> status, modified risk (20.75\u2010 and 2.83\u2010fold, respectively). Occupational sun exposure increased CM<\/jats:styled-content> risk (three to sixfold) in both \nCDKN<\/jats:styled-content>2A<\/jats:italic>\u2010negative and \nCDKN<\/jats:styled-content>2A<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive individuals, reflecting the occupational habits of the Ligurian population and the geographical position of Liguria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2012.01549.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,7]],"date-time":"2012-06-07T17:57:13Z","timestamp":1339091833000},"page":"718-720","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["MC<\/scp>1R<\/i> variation and melanoma risk in relation to host\/clinical and environmental factors in CDKN<\/scp>2A<\/i> positive and negative melanoma patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Paola","family":"Ghiorzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties University of Genoa Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Laboratory of Genetics of Rare Hereditary Cancers IRCCS AOU San Martino\u2010IST Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigina","family":"Bonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secondary Prevention and Screening IRCCS AOU San Martino\u2010IST Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenza","family":"Pastorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties University of Genoa Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties University of Genoa Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Barile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics European Institute of Oncology Milan 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