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Expression of Bcl6 in B cells and helper T cells is regulated by complex signals including those generated through their antigen\u2010specific interactions, which take place in various microenvironments depending on their activation\/differentiation states. In the last several years, it has become possible to detect Bcl6 protein in individual B cells and T cells by intracellular staining with the newly developed antibodies or by using the reporter mice. Experiments using these reagents have started to clarify microanatomical location of early Bcl6 upregulation in B cells and T cells, and contributed to reveal the dispensability and indispensability of B cells in the early and late phase of Tfh differentiation. They also started to reveal the diversity, plasticity, and\/or instability of Tfh cells. We summarize the recent findings made by tracking Bcl6 expression together with the updated knowledge about dynamics of antigen\u2010engaged B cells and helper T cells and discuss them in relation to possible signaling requirements for the development of GC B cells and Tfh cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065x.2012.01120.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,13]],"date-time":"2012-04-13T20:04:55Z","timestamp":1334347495000},"page":"120-132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Differentiation of germinal center B cells and follicular helper T cells as viewed by tracking Bcl6 expression 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