{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:06:31Z","timestamp":1790006791156,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]],"date-time":"2004-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Although it is known that retinoic acid (RA) regulates the cellular differentiation of skin keratinocytes, the effects of RA on the anchoring junction have not been clarified. The effects of all\u2010<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic> RA on cell\u2013cell and cell\u2013matrix connections of gingival epithelial (GE)1 cells in a multilayered culture were investigated.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Ultrastructures of GE1 cells were observed and immunohistochemistry was used to detect keratin 4, keratin 13, and desmoglein expression. Reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect expression of desmosome and hemidesmosome\u2010associating adhesion molecules, keratin 13, and keratin14.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Retinoic acid caused immunohistochemical diminution of keratin 4, keratin 13, and desmoglein. Ultrastructurally, RA induced drastic loss of typical desmosomes and complete loss of hemidesmosomes. RA significantly decreased the transcript levels of keratin 13, keratin 14, desmoglein 1, and desmocollin 1 in a dose\u2010dependent manner. The 230\u2010kD bullous pemphigoid antigen (BPAG1) gene expression was also reduced by RA, whereas transcript levels of integrin <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>6, integrin <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>4, the 180\u2010kD bullous pemphigoid antigen (BPAG2), and laminin 5 were not affected.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> These results indicated that RA disintegrated not only desmosomes by depriving the cells of desmoglein 1, desmocollin 1, keratin 13, and keratin 4, but also hemidesmosomes by reducing the expression of BPAG1 and keratin 14 in basal keratinocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2004.00245.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]],"date-time":"2004-10-12T15:53:58Z","timestamp":1097596438000},"page":"622-628","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Retinoic acid disintegrated desmosomes and hemidesmosomes in stratified oral keratinocytes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Hatakeyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Otsubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Yoshimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Oikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","first-page":"1066","volume-title":"Molecular biology of the cell","author":"Alberts B","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00179.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00370710"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.1996.tb00086.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0896-450"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.01852.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12343081"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI5252"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.01743.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1981.01650100013019","article-title":"Nature of skin fragility in patients receiving retinoids for systemic effect","volume":"117","author":"Williams ML","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12511354"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030050420"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","first-page":"443","volume-title":"The retinoids: biology, chemistry, and medicine","author":"Gudas LJ","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcbr.1999.0165"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0714.2001.300507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1999.9277"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1295-453"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)37593-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.126.2.507"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12491885"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","first-page":"1578","volume-title":"Arch Dermatol","author":"Smith LT","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.8.21.2563"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0714.2004.00245.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2004.00245.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T14:38:33Z","timestamp":1697035113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2004.00245.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2004.00245.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2004.00245.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0904-2512","1600-0714"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0904-2512","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0714","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]]}}}