{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T01:54:33Z","timestamp":1775267673373,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,2]],"date-time":"2006-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1138838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease involving T cells\u2010mediated immunity. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> has been reported to be involved in the disease process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of fluocinolone acetonide in orabase (FAO) 0.1% on the expression of TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> in patients with OLP.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Eighteen Thai patients with atrophic or erosive OLP were recruited. Biopsy specimens were taken before and 1\u2003month after treatment with FAO 0.1% and sent for histopathologic examination where they were immunohistochemically stained with antibody to TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>. Twenty normal mucosa specimens were identically processed. Oral squamous cell carcinoma tissue was used as a positive control for TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> expression, whereas OLP sections without primary antibody were served as negative control.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Sixteen of 18 cases (88.89%) of OLP exhibited positive staining for TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>. Most of the TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> was observed in the mononuclear cells. Ten cases (55.56%) of OLP demonstrated TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> expression in keratinocytes. The number of mononuclear cells positive for TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> before the treatment with FAO 0.1% in orabase was statistically higher than that after the treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.000) and in the normal mucosa (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.000). Moreover, the number of mononuclear cells after treatment with FAO 0.1% in orabase was statistically lower than before the treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.000).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Our study exhibited that TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> may be associated with the immunopathogenesis of OLP in Thai patients and FAO 0.1% had an effect on the reduction of TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2006.00392.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,2]],"date-time":"2006-02-02T17:11:25Z","timestamp":1138900285000},"page":"161-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Expression of TNF\u2010<i>\u03b1<\/i> in oral lichen planus treated with fluocinolone acetonide 0.1%"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Kobkan","family":"Thongprasom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kittipong","family":"Dhanuthai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilairat","family":"Sarideechaigul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ponlatham","family":"Chaiyarit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mantharop","family":"Chaimusig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63649-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.06.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130201300405"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1996.tb01375.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000163501750266774"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","first-page":"7313","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor. 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