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These include the tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 antagonists, infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab and the T\u2010cell modulator modifiers efalizumab and alefacept. In dermatology, although these agents are licensed only for psoriasis, increasingly off\u2010label use has extended to a number of conditions in which oral mucosal disease is a significant component. These include Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease, recurrent apthous stomatitis, benign mucous membrane pemphigoid and lichen planus. 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