{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T01:20:41Z","timestamp":1792718441030,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,2]],"date-time":"2012-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>J Oral Pathol Med<\/jats:italic> (2012) <jats:bold>41<\/jats:bold>: 444\u2013451<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Stromal cells are believed to affect cancer invasion and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of cancer\u2010associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and the incidence of tumor\u2010associated macrophages (TAMs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), focusing on clinicopathological factors and patient prognosis, as well as cancer invasion.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The study included 108 patients with OSCC. Anti\u2010\u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin, CD68, and CD163 antibodies were used to identify CAFs and TAMs. CAFs were divided into 4 grades on the basis of staining intensity: negative (0), scanty (1), focal (2), and abundant (3). The most intensive areas of macrophage concentration in each tumor invasive stroma were also evaluated.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The cancer specimens were divided into Grade 0\/1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 on the basis of CAF grade. In addition, they were divided into low\u2010 and high\u2010grade groups on the basis of the number of CD68\u2010positive and CD163\u2010positive macrophages. The latter were significantly increased in the Grade 2 CAF group compared to the Grade 0\/1 group (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>0.009). Kaplan\u2013Meier and multivariate survival analyses revealed that Grade 2 CAFs (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>0.003) and high CD163\u2010positive macrophage levels (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>0.007) significantly correlated with a poor outcome in patients with OSCC, and that a high CD163\u2010positive macrophage level was a significant and an independent prognostic factor (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>0.045).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Cancer\u2010associated fibroblasts and CD163\u2010positive macrophages may be potential prognostic predictors of OSCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2012.01127.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,2]],"date-time":"2012-02-02T09:57:47Z","timestamp":1328176667000},"page":"444-451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":167,"title":["Cancer\u2010associated fibroblasts and CD163\u2010positive macrophages in oral squamous cell carcinoma: their clinicopathological and prognostic significance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Fujii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Shomori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsushi","family":"Shiomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoki","family":"Nakabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chikako","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Ryoke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisao","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1477"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2009.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2004.07.977"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2007.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02147594"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-0943"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2830"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-003-0965-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2009.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04046-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01322"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(02)02302-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0602325"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2009.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","first-page":"1219","article-title":"Infiltration 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