{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T23:00:19Z","timestamp":1771455619290,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,11]],"date-time":"2010-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1268265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J Oral Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:italic>Busscher HJ, Jager D, Finger G, Schaefer N, van der Mei HC. Energy transfer, volumetric expansion, and removal of oral biofilms by non\u2010contact brushing. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 177\u2013182. \u00a9 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation \u00a9 2010 Eur J Oral Sci<\/jats:italic> <\/jats:p><jats:p>Non\u2010contact removal of oral biofilms offers advantages beyond the reach of bristles, but it is unknown how energy transfer for removal from brush\u2010to\u2010biofilm occurs. In the present study we evaluated non\u2010contact, oral biofilm removal by oscillating\u2010rotating and sonic toothbrushes, and their acoustic output up to 6\u2003mm distance. Whereas some brushes removed biofilm when used at a distance of up to 6\u2003mm, others lost efficacy at a distance of 2\u20134\u2003mm from the biofilm. Loss of efficacy was accompanied with high standard deviations and volumetric biofilm expansion. Both sonic and oscillating\u2010rotating brushes caused fluid flows and the inclusion of air\u2010bubbles, while non\u2010contact acoustic energy\u2010transfer was demonstrated to decay with distance for both types of brushes. We put forward the following mechanism for non\u2010contact removal: (i) brush energy is absorbed by biofilm, resulting in the visco\u2010elastic expansion of the biofilm; (ii) if the energy absorbed is sufficient and deformation is beyond the yield point, biofilm removal occurs; and (iii) if deformation is in the plastic range but below the yield point (i.e. at the limiting distance for non\u2010contact removal), biofilm is expanded but not removed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2010.00723.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,11]],"date-time":"2010-03-11T09:57:50Z","timestamp":1268301470000},"page":"177-182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Energy transfer, volumetric expansion, and removal of oral biofilms by non\u2010contact brushing"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"H. 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