{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:14:01Z","timestamp":1791400441685,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,24]],"date-time":"2006-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1148428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pigment Cell Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mammalian pigmentation is controlled by the concerted action of <jats:italic>Tyr<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Tyrp1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Dct<\/jats:italic> producing eumelanin and\/or pheomelanin in melanocytes. The ratio of these two pigments is determined by the agonist <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010melanocyte stimulating hormone and the antagonist Agouti protein acting on the Mc1r. Here we show that the <jats:italic>Agouti<\/jats:italic> gene is over\u2010expressed in Normande breed compared with Prim'Holstein breed. The Normande cattle have a characteristic coat color phenotype with a variable presence of black (eumelanin) hair over a red\/brown background. We have found a previously undescribed full\u2010length L1\u2010BT element inserted in the 5\u2032\u2010genomic sequence of the <jats:italic>Agouti<\/jats:italic> gene in Normande cattle which promotes the over\u2010expression of alternative transcripts. The variable expression of the alternative transcript directed by the long interspersed nuclear element promoter may be the origin of the brindle coat color pattern of the Normande breed. This new bovine <jats:italic>Agouti<\/jats:italic> allele isolated in Normande breed has been named <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>br<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>. Finally, as ectopic over\u2010expression of <jats:italic>Agouti<\/jats:italic> in <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>y<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice is responsible for the obesity syndrome, we discuss the possible consequences of <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>br<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> for meat and milk production in cattle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2006.00312.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,24]],"date-time":"2006-05-24T15:38:20Z","timestamp":1148485100000},"page":"346-355","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["The insertion of a full\u2010length <i>Bos taurus<\/i> LINE element is responsible for a transcriptional deregulation of the Normande <i>Agouti<\/i> 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