{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T18:11:38Z","timestamp":1761675098191},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,21]],"date-time":"2004-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1085097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives:\u2002<\/jats:bold> It has been shown that Emdogain<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> (EMD) containing enamel matrix derivative has cementum\u2010 and osteo\u2010promotive activities <jats:italic>in\u2003vivo<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in\u2003vitro<\/jats:italic>. Nevertheless, the commercial sale of EMD was halted because it has some possible risk for infectiosity. At present, Emdogain<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Gel (Emd\u2010Gel) containing the EMD heated to avoid the infectiosity is commercially available. The purpose of this study was to compare the <jats:italic>in\u2003vitro<\/jats:italic> bioactivities of Emd\u2010Gel and EMD.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Healthy human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells were used to study the effect of Emd\u2010Gel and EMD on cell differentiation. The HPDL cells exposed to Emd\u2010Gel and EMD were evaluated for the following effects: (i) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity; (ii) mitogenic (MTT) assay; (iii) biomineralization activity; (iv) gene expressions using reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR). The effect of EMD with or without heat treatment was examined for ALP activity on the cell differentiation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The effect of Emd\u2010Gel on ALP activity was greater than that of EMD. It was confirmed from the effect of EMD with heat treatment at 60\u00b0C, 80\u00b0C and 100\u00b0C on the ALP activity. The effect of Emd\u2010Gel on the biomineralization activity was also greater than that of the EMD. The Emd\u2010Gel has a stronger effect for the expression of osteoblast\u2010like phenotype than the EMD.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The results indicate that the Emd\u2010Gel has greater bioactivities than the EMD <jats:italic>in\u2003vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00733.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,20]],"date-time":"2004-06-20T15:22:33Z","timestamp":1087744953000},"page":"249-256","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Effect of heat treatment on bioactivities of enamel matrix derivatives in human periodontal ligament (HPDL) 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