{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T03:11:57Z","timestamp":1787886717649,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,26]],"date-time":"2004-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The recently introduced Vector\u2122\u2010system (Duerr Dental, Bietigheim\u2010Bissingen, Germany) is recommended to be used in conjunction with different insert tips and irrigation fluids. The aim of the study was to assess subgingival calculus removal depending on the mode of operation and to compare the results to conventional methods for root debridement.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Sixty extracted human teeth with calculus on the root surface were treated in an artificial periodontal pocket model using six methods: Vector\u2122\u2010system with metal probe insert (VPP) or metal curette insert (VPC), both used with polishing fluid, Vector\u2122\u2010system with metal probe insert (VAP) or metal curette insert (VAC), both used with abrasive fluid, EMS\u2010ultrasonic system (U) and hand instrument (Gracey curette). Photographs of the root surface were taken at intervals of 10\u2003s and calculus removal was assessed using a surface analysis software until the root surfaces were cleaned completely. Analysis of variances (ANOVA) of the ranks with subsequent comparison of mean ranks and calculation of homogeneous groups (Scheff\u00e9) were used for statistical analysis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Employing the hand instrument, highest efficiency could be observed (0.340\u2003mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s). Calculus removal with the Vector\u2122\u2010system and metal probe insert (VPP: 0.036\u2003mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s; VAP: 0.067\u2003mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s) was less effective (<jats:italic>p\u2003&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20030.05) than using the system with metal curette inserts (VPC: 0.122\u2003mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s; VAC: 0.209\u2003mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s). Employing the abrasive fluid, removal of deposits with the metal curette insert was as efficient as with the conventional ultrasonic system (U: 0.199\u2003mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2003&gt;\u20030.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The present <jats:italic>in\u2003vitro<\/jats:italic> study indicates that the efficiency of calculus removal with the Vector\u2122\u2010system is significantly dependent on the selection of inserts and irrigation fluids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00768.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,22]],"date-time":"2004-12-22T01:12:45Z","timestamp":1103677965000},"page":"48-52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Efficiency of subgingival calculus removal with the Vector\u2122\u2010system compared to ultrasonic scaling and hand instrumentation <i>in\u2003vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Braun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Frentzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"Jepsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1986.tb02219.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1999.70.4.457"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1991.62.12.750"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02422.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.5.547"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.11.1792"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.29.s3.4.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","first-page":"642","article-title":"Therapy and prevention of periodontitis using the Vector\u2010method","volume":"109","author":"Hahn R","year":"2000","journal-title":"ZWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1990.tb01094.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1999.70.6.626"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0765.2003.00356.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.3.151"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-5712(95)00034-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028007642.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1987.58.1.9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007840050011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1968.39.3.135"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.00300.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2004.00496.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1875-595X.2003.tb00770.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontal Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0765.2004.00768.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00768.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T09:57:53Z","timestamp":1697018273000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00768.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,26]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00768.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2004.00768.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3484","1600-0765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3484","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,26]]}}}