{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T02:34:22Z","timestamp":1787884462732,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,6]],"date-time":"2007-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1196899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Objective:\u2002<\/jats:bold>High\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 functions as a late\u2010phase inflammatory mediator. It can be released extracellularly by macrophages and necrotic cells through lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1. The objective of this study was to clarify the source of high\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 in chronic periodontitis tissues and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1\u2010stimulated gingival epithelial cells, and subsequently elucidate its inducible inflammatory pathway.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Chronic periodontitis and healthy gingival sections were stained for high\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The amounts of high\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 released into the gingival crevicular fluid and supernatants from gingival epithelial cells stimulated by tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 were examined by western blot. The phosphorylation of mitogen\u2010activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in gingival epithelial cells was also examined.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>High\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 was detected in the cytoplasm and nucleus of gingival epithelial cells with periodontitis. Western blotting revealed a significant increase in high\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 expression in the gingival crevicular fluid from periodontitis patients. High\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 production in gingival epithelial cells was increased following stimulation with tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1. The molecular dialogue between tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 and gingival epithelial cells involved modulation of the activities of p38MAPK, Jun N\u2010terminal kinase and p44\/42. Interestingly, only phosphorylation of p38MAPK contributed to more than half of the signaling initiated by tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1\u2010elicited high\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 release.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>High\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 is continuously released from the gingival epithelial cells modulated by tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1. These findings imply that high\u2010mobility\u2010group box 1 expression and possibly p38MAPK constitute important features in periodontitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.00996.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,23]],"date-time":"2010-09-23T16:31:05Z","timestamp":1285259465000},"page":"76-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 stimulates gingival epithelial cells to release high mobility\u2010group box 1"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u2010I.","family":"Kawahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Tancharoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Matsuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Hashiguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Izumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1989.tb15116.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.52.33678"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5425.248"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0300-9475.2004.01518.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(99)70182-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00858"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35012626"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10859"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M306793200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000145573.36113.8a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2005.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200006000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.58.2008.i20"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2003.74.3.391"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.5.1464","article-title":"Synergistic interactions between interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor, and lymphotoxin in bone resorption","volume":"138","author":"Stashenko P","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.7.2371-2380.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028003233.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2004.00623.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M001235200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-0825.2003.02884.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.2.1044-1051.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.9.5796"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1987.190"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1997.2.1.123"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.6.2950"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(90)90205-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0898-6568(01)00262-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0405221"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(24)12290-0","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) 1, but not TNFR2, mediates tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha\u2010induced interleukin\u20106 and RANTES in human airway smooth muscle cells: role of p38 and p42\/44 mitogen\u2010activated protein kinases","volume":"60","author":"Amrani Y","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0404242"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198806093182301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","first-page":"147","article-title":"Cytokine appearance in human endotoxemia and primate bacteremia","volume":"166","author":"Hesse DG","year":"1988","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.11.7053"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI12466"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11227"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2001.72.10.1413"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2004.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3365","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.10.3365","article-title":"Cytokines in chronic inflammatory arthritis. VI. Analysis of the synovial cells involved in granulocyte\u2010macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor production and gene expression in rheumatoid arthritis and its regulation by IL\u20101 and tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha","volume":"146","author":"Alvaro\u2010Gracia JM","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380202"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.4.565"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontal Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0765.2007.00996.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.00996.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:50:03Z","timestamp":1740531003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.00996.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,6]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.00996.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.00996.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3484","1600-0765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3484","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,6]]}}}