{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T20:31:56Z","timestamp":1793910716493,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]],"date-time":"2008-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background and Objective:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of bacterial etiology, affecting tooth\u2010supporting tissues. The host inflammatory response to periodontopathogens, notably the high and continuous production of cytokines, is considered a major factor causing the local tissue destruction observed in periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of naringenin, a major flavanone in grapefruits and tomatoes, on the lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine production by host cells, using two different models.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Material and methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    The effect of naringenin was characterized using macrophages stimulated with the lipopolysaccharide of either\n                    <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and using whole blood stimulated with\n                    <jats:italic>A.\u2003actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    lipopolysaccharide, in the presence or absence of naringenin. Lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced interleukin\u20101\u03b2, interleukin\u20106, interleukin\u20108 and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 production by macrophages and whole\u2010blood samples treated with naringenin were evaluated using an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. Changes in the phosphorylation states of macrophage kinases induced by\n                    <jats:italic>A.\u2003actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    lipopolysaccharide and naringenin were characterized by immunoblot screening.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Our results clearly indicated that naringenin is a potent inhibitor of the pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine response induced by lipopolysaccharide in both macrophages and in whole blood. Naringenin markedly inhibited the phosphorylation on serines 63 and 73 of Jun proto\u2010oncogene\u2010encoded AP\u20101 transcription factor in lipopolysaccharide\u2010stimulated macrophages.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    The results from the present study suggest that naringenin holds promise as a therapeutic agent for treating inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.01055.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,22]],"date-time":"2008-05-22T21:58:39Z","timestamp":1211493519000},"page":"400-407","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Naringenin has anti\u2010inflammatory properties in macrophage and\n                    <i>ex vivo<\/i>\n                    human whole\u2010blood models"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Bodet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. 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