{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:45:10Z","timestamp":1791189910570,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,22]],"date-time":"2008-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1224633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Objectives:\u2002<\/jats:bold> An association has been found between periodontal disease and the development of atherosclerosis. We investigated the hypothesis that periodontal disease triggers the expression of matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 (MMP\u20109) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase\u20101 (TIMP\u20101) in blood. Increased levels of these parameters might then indicate early atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> In this cross\u2010sectional study, the material comprised 80\u2003subjects with chronic periodontitis and 31\u2003subjects with no periodontal disease. Sixteen years after diagnosis of periodontal disease ultrasonography revealed a statistically significant difference (<jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20030.001) of carotid intima\u2013media thickness between the subjects with chronic periodontitis and the periodontally healthy subjects. Matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 and TIMP\u20101 were analyzed from blood as periodontal and systemic inflammatory markers. The relationship between MMP\u20109, TIMP\u20101 and MMP\u20109\/TIMP\u20101 as dependent variables and several independent variables (age, sex, smoking, education, body mass index, hypertension, periodontal disease and cholesterol) were analyzed in multiple logistic regression models to assess the value of the inflammatory markers in predicting carotid atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 and TIMP\u20101 were significantly higher in plasma from subjects with periodontal disease and atherosclerosis. Periodontal disease was identified as the principal independent predictor both for atherosclerosis (odds ratio 3.89 for increase in bilateral carotid intima\u2013media thickness) and for increased MMP\u20109, TIMP\u20101 and MMP\u20109\/TIMP\u20101 (odds ratio 2.58, 5.53 and 3.41, respectively). Classical atherosclerosis risk factors, such as increased total cholesterol, age and sex (women), were significant predictors in the model.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Matrix metalloproteinase\u20109, TIMP\u20101 and MMP\u20109\/TIMP\u20101 in blood from subjects with periodontal disease could be useful laboratory markers for increased carotid artery intima\u2013media thickness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2008.01145.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,8]],"date-time":"2009-01-08T00:58:15Z","timestamp":1231376295000},"page":"452-458","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase\u20101 in blood as markers for early atherosclerosis in subjects with chronic periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"P\u2010\u00d6.","family":"S\u00f6der","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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