{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T10:02:30Z","timestamp":1756461750179},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,30]],"date-time":"2011-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Zhou J, Zhang J, Chao J.<\/jats:italic> Porphyromonas gingivalis <jats:italic>promotes monocyte migration by activating MMP\u20109. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 236\u2013242. \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons A\/S<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Objective:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The migration of monocytes into the local environment is crucial for their maturation into macrophages or osteoclasts in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the role and mechanisms mediated by <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> in promoting the migration of monocytes by regulating MMP\u20109 and TIMP\u20101 expression.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Human THP1 monocytes were treated with culture supernatant derived from <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> (ATCC 33277) for 24\u2003h. Zymography, western blot analysis and quantitative PCRs were performed to analyse protein and mRNA levels of MMP\u20109. Protein and mRNA levels of TIMP\u20101 from monocytes treated with or without <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> were determined as well. Transwell migration assay was carried out to analyse the effect of <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> on the migration of human peripheral blood CD14\u2010positive monocytes. An MMP inhibitor (GM6001) and a proteinase inhibitor (leupeptin) were used to determine the role of MMP\u20109 in <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> supernatant\u2010 and lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced monocyte migration.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> In zymography and western blot, an 82\u2003kDa band of active MMP\u20109 emerged in <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\u2010treated monocyte culture media in a dose\u2010dependent manner, in addition to the MMP\u20109 proenzyme (92\u2003kDa) band expressed in control cell culture media. <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> supernatant increased both the protein and the mRNA levels of MMP\u20109 and TIMP\u20101. <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> supernatant, but not its lipopolysaccharide, increased the migratory ability of CD14\u2010positive monocytes. The increased migratory ability of <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\u2010treated monocytes was partly inhibited by leupeptin (200\u2003\u03bcg\/mL) and completely antagonized by the MMP inhibitor GM6001 (100\u2003n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). Lipopolysaccharide of <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> increased protein and mRNA levels of MMP\u20109 in monocytes, but had no effect on the migratory ability or MMP\u20109 activation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> supernatant increased the migratory ability of monocytes, in part, by increasing activation and expression of MMP\u20109.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2011.01427.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,31]],"date-time":"2011-10-31T04:46:58Z","timestamp":1320036418000},"page":"236-242","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/i> promotes monocyte migration by activating 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