{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T17:41:44Z","timestamp":1789839704765,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]],"date-time":"2011-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1321488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Rawal SY, Dabbous MKh, Tipton DA. Effect of cannabidiol on human gingival fibroblast extracellular matrix metabolism: MMP production and activity, and production of fibronectin and transforming growth factor \u03b2. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 320\u2013329. \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons A\/S<\/jats:italic>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background and Objective:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Marijuana (\n                    <jats:italic>Cannabis sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) use may be associated with gingival enlargement, resembling that caused by phenytoin. Cannabidiol (CBD), a nonpsychotropic\n                    <jats:italic>Cannabis<\/jats:italic>\n                    derivative, is structurally similar to phenytoin. While there are many reports on effects of phenytoin on human gingival fibroblasts, there is no information on effects of\n                    <jats:italic>Cannabis<\/jats:italic>\n                    components on these cells. The objective of this study was to determine effects of CBD on human gingival fibroblast fibrogenic and matrix\u2010degrading activities.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Material and Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Fibroblasts were incubated with CBD in serum\u2010free medium for 1\u20136\u2003d. The effect of CBD on cell viability was determined by measuring activity of a mitochondrial enzyme. The fibrogenic molecule transforming growth factor\u2003\u03b2 and the extracellular matrix molecule fibronectin were measured by ELISA. Pro\u2010MMP\u20101 and total MMP\u20102 were measured by ELISA. Activity of MMP\u20102 was determined via a colorimetric assay in which a detection enzyme is activated by active MMP\u20102. Data were analysed using ANOVA and Scheffe\u2019s F procedure for\n                    <jats:italic>post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n                    comparisons.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Cannabidiol had little or no significant effect on cell viability. Low CBD concentrations increased transforming growth factor\u2003\u03b2 production by as much as 40% (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003&lt;\u20030.001), while higher concentrations decreased it by as much as 40% (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003&lt;\u20030.0001). Cannabidiol increased fibronectin production by as much as approximately 100% (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003&lt;\u20030.001). Lower CBD concentrations increased MMP production, but the highest concentrations decreased production of both MMPs (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003&lt;\u20030.05) and decreased MMP\u20102 activity (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003&lt;\u20030.02).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    The data suggest that the CBD may promote fibrotic gingival enlargement by increasing gingival fibroblast production of transforming growth factor\u2003\u03b2 and fibronectin, while decreasing MMP production and activity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2011.01435.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]],"date-time":"2011-11-17T23:40:08Z","timestamp":1321573208000},"page":"320-329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Effect of cannabidiol on human gingival fibroblast extracellular matrix metabolism: MMP production and activity, and production of fibronectin and transforming growth factor \u03b2"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"S. 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