{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:59:12Z","timestamp":1790395152762,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,3]],"date-time":"2012-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Field CA, Gidley MD, Preshaw PM, Jakubovics N. Investigation and quantification of key periodontal pathogens in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 470\u2013478. \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons A\/S<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Objective:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Diabetes is a recognized risk factor for periodontitis. There are conflicting data regarding whether healthy diabetic patients or diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis have an altered subgingival microbiota compared with nondiabetic individuals. The aim of the present study was to detect quantitative differences in selected periodontopathogens in the subgingival plaque of diabetic patients using TaqMan quantitative PCR.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and Methods:\u00a0\u2002<\/jats:bold> Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20039) or without chronic periodontal disease (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200315) were recruited and matched to nondiabetic control subjects (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200312 periodontally healthy, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200312 chronic periodontitis). Subgingival plaque samples were collected from deep (&gt;\u20034\u2003mm probing depth) and shallow sites (\u2264\u20033\u2003mm probing depth) using paper points, and <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> were quantified.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Forty\u2010eight subjects (69 samples) were recruited. Marked differences were seen in the levels of all three bacterial species, relative to the total bacterial population, according to periodontal health status. Using real\u2010time quantitative PCR, bacterial counts for <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> were significantly higher in deep pockets of diabetic and nondiabetic subjects compared with periodontally healthy subjects (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05) but did not differ significantly between diabetics and nondiabetics. <jats:italic>A.\u00a0actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> was detected in all groups in low quantities, and counts did not differ significantly between groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2003&gt;\u20030.05). <jats:italic>F.\u00a0nucleatum<\/jats:italic> was abundant in all groups, with no clear significant differences between groups. <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> was found in higher quantities in periodontitis than in periodontally healthy subjects (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05). Statistically significant positive correlations were identified between pocket depth and counts for all three species tested (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>A.\u00a0actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>F.\u00a0nucleatum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P.\u00a0gingivalis<\/jats:italic> were present in significantly different quantities and proportions in subgingival plaque, according to periodontal disease status. No significant differences were identified between the subgingival microbiota of type\u20032 diabetes mellitus patients compared with nondiabetic subjects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2011.01455.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,5]],"date-time":"2012-01-05T01:51:52Z","timestamp":1325728312000},"page":"470-478","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Investigation and quantification of key periodontal pathogens in patients with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"C. A.","family":"Field","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. D.","family":"Gidley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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