{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T23:06:37Z","timestamp":1778713597040,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,27]],"date-time":"2012-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Periodontal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Objective:\u2002<\/jats:bold> A low\u2010grade systemic inflammatory status originating from periodontal infection has been proposed to explain the association between periodontal disease and systemic conditions, including adverse obstetric outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy during pregnancy on the gingival crevicular fluid and serum levels of six cytokines associated with periodontal disease and preterm birth.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> A subsample of 60 women (18\u201335\u2003years of age) up to 20 gestational weeks, previously enrolled in a larger randomized clinical trial, was recruited for the present study. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either comprehensive nonsurgical periodontal therapy before 24 gestational weeks (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200330, test group) or only one appointment for supragingival calculus removal (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200330, control group). Clinical data, and samples of blood and gingival crevicular fluid, were collected at baseline, at 26\u201328 gestational weeks and 30\u2003d after delivery. The levels of interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, IL\u20108, IL\u201010, IL\u201012p70 and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 were analyzed by flow cytometry.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> After treatment, a major reduction in periodontal inflammation was observed in the test group, with bleeding on probing decreasing from 49.62% of sites to 11.66% of sites (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). Periodontal therapy significantly reduced the levels of IL\u20101\u03b2 and IL\u20108 in gingival crevicular fluid (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). However, no significant effect of therapy was observed on serum cytokine levels. After delivery, the levels of IL\u20101\u03b2 in the gingival crevicular fluid of the test group were significantly lower than were those in the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001), but there were no significant differences between test and control groups regarding serum cytokine levels.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Although periodontal therapy during pregnancy successfully reduced periodontal inflammation and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels, it did not have a significant impact on serum biomarkers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2012.01513.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,27]],"date-time":"2012-07-27T22:24:08Z","timestamp":1343427848000},"page":"126-133","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on serum and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels during pregnancy and postpartum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Fiorini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Susin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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