{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T01:55:36Z","timestamp":1792634136623,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,14]],"date-time":"2006-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1142294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background\/purpose: <\/jats:bold> Insufficient microcirculation of skin leads to acute and chronic tissue ischemia in cases of trauma, reconstructive surgery, diabetes mellitus and peripheral arterial occlusive disease. The autonomic nervous system and nitric oxide (NO) play important roles in maintaining blood perfusion of the skin. Far\u2010infrared (FIR) therapy provides low energy of light emitted from an artificial radiator and has been used to treat many vascular\u2010related disorders. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which FIR works remain unclear. The present study aims to test the hypothesis that the effect of FIR is through increasing skin microcirculation by a mechanism other than its thermal effect.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods: <\/jats:bold> Sixty rats were used in the present study. A WS\u2122 TY301 FIR emitter was placed 20\u2003cm above the rats. Skin temperature and blood flow were continuously measured by a K\u2010type thermocouple. Under laboratory control, the abdominal skin temperature steadily increased from 38\u201339\u00b0C, and was kept at constant temperature. Skin microcirculation was measured with a continuous laser Doppler flowmeter.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results: <\/jats:bold> There was no significant change of skin blood flow during FIR treatment. Skin blood flow increased significantly soon after the removal of the FIR emitter. The stimulating effect on skin blood flow was more significant in the rats treated with FIR for 45\u2003min and could be sustained as long as 60\u2003min. These findings suggested a non\u2010thermic biological effect of FIR on skin microcirculation. The promotive effect of FIR on increasing skin blood flow was not influenced by pretreatment of APP (atropine, propranolol and phentolamine), but was suppressed by pretreatment with <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>G<\/jats:sup>\u2010nitro\u2010<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010arginine methyl ester (an endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion: <\/jats:bold> In conclusion, FIR therapy exerts a NO\u2010related biological effect to increase skin microcirculation in rats. This might bring into perspective the clinical application of FIR to treat ischemic disease by augmenting <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010arginine\/NO pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2006.00208.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,14]],"date-time":"2006-03-14T15:04:06Z","timestamp":1142348646000},"page":"78-86","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":192,"title":["Biological effect of far\u2010infrared therapy on increasing skin microcirculation in 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