{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:11:00Z","timestamp":1792739460822,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]],"date-time":"2012-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photoderm Photoimm Photomed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Background\/Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n Sunscreen applied to the skin provides a considerable sun protection factor (\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) even after 8\u2009h. Sunscreen use for consecutive days may therefore result in an accumulation of the product. This study investigated the consequences of accumulation for\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Two sunscreens, one containing organic and one containing particle ultraviolet radiation (UVR) filters (\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n 30) (2\u2009mg\/cm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n ), were used. Areas on the back of 22 volunteers were applied with sunscreen on 5 consecutive days, once daily (12 volunteers) and three times daily (10 volunteers), and phototested. The\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n was determined on Days 1, 3 and 5.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n One daily application of sunscreen did not result in an accumulation in the skin that significantly affected the\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n . However, three daily applications provided a significantly higher\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n for both the organic (mean\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.56) and particle (mean\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2.45) sunscreen at Day 5 compared to Day 1 (\n \n P<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.023 for both sunscreens).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Sunscreens accumulate in the skin when applied in the recommended amounts three times daily. In conjunction with other sun protection strategies, sunscreen application on consecutive days prior to\n UVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n exposure can result in a basic skin protection, which may help to prevent severe sunburns on sun holidays.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2012.00651.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]],"date-time":"2012-05-02T01:49:12Z","timestamp":1335923352000},"page":"127-132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Accumulation of sunscreen in human skin after daily applications: a study of sunscreens with different ultraviolet radiation filters"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Mette","family":"Bodek\u00e6r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"\u00c5kerstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACO Hud Nordic AB Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans Christian","family":"Wulf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.WHO INTERSUN \u2010 the global UV project. Sunshine and health. How to enjoy the sun safely.2006. Available athttp:\/\/www.who.int\/uv\/publications\/solaruvflyer2006.pdf(October 11 2011)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Department of Health and Human Services FDA USA.Sunscreen drug products for over\u2010the\u2010counter human use. Code of Federal Regulations; Title 21 Volume 5. Revised as of April 1 2011. Available athttp:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfcfr\/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=352&showFR=1&subpartNode=21:5.0.1.1.25.4(October 11 2011)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2008.00379.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2009.00479.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.1996.tb00192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"1277","article-title":"UV index and its implications","volume":"172","author":"Wulf HC","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ugeskr Laeger"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004840050128"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60638-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"Official Journal of the European Union.Commission recommendation of 22 September 2006 on the efficacy of sunscreen products and the claims made relating thereto2006Available athttp:\/\/eurlex.europa.eu\/LexUriServ\/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:265:0039:0043:en:PDF(November 2 2011)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.141.8.967"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"1355","article-title":"Prevention of skin cancer","author":"Wulf HC","year":"2007","journal-title":"Maanedsskr Prakt Laegegern"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"242","article-title":"Sunbathers\u2019 application of sunscreen is probably inadequate to obtain the sun protection factor assigned to the preparation","volume":"9","author":"Bech\u2010Thomsen N","year":"1992","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.10.1319"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2010.00856.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1473-2130.2004.00107.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07684.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.06.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2009.00459.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22745"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0781.2003.00026.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09149.x"}],"container-title":["Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0781.2012.00651.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2012.00651.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T08:27:55Z","timestamp":1697272075000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2012.00651.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2012.00651.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2012.00651.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.716947810.792002823","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0905-4383","1600-0781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-4383","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0781","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]}}}