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In order to elaborate the function of different types of opioid receptors in regulating melatonin synthesis, we used a selective mu\u2010opioid receptor agonist, Tyr\u2010[<jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010Ala<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyl\u2010phe<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>, glycol<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>] (DAMGO), a selective delta\u2010opioid receptor agonist, Enkephalin [<jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010Pen<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010Pen<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>], (DPDPE) and a selective kappa\u2010opioid receptor agonist, ((+)\u2010(5<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, 7<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, 8<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>)\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyl\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010[7\u2010 (1\u2010pyrrolidinyl)\u20101\u2010oxaspiro [4,5] dec\u20108\u2010yl]\u2010benzene acetamide) (U69593) to investigate the activity of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and melatonin secretion. The results of the present study show that both DAMGO and DPDPE stimulated NAT activity and increased the level of melatonin in cultured bovine pinealocytes. These stimulatory effects were blocked by naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist. However, the kappa\u2010opioid receptor agonist U69593 was unable to alter either the activity of NAT or the level of melatonin. In order to clarify the mechanism of how the activation of mu\u2010 and delta\u2010opioid receptors in bovine pinealocytes leads to an increase in NAT activity, cyclic AMP levels were measured after bovine pinealocytes were treated with morphine, DAMGO and DPDPE. The results indicated that these stimulatory effects acted via induction of cAMP production. This study reveals that the stimulatory effect of opioid receptor on melatonin synthesis is mediated via the activation of adenylate cyclase system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079x.2004.00155.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,15]],"date-time":"2004-10-15T08:37:07Z","timestamp":1097829427000},"page":"223-229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The stimulatory effect of mu\u2010 and delta\u2010opioid receptors on bovine pinealocyte melatonin 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