{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:26:16Z","timestamp":1791307576012,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,22]],"date-time":"2006-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1150934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pineal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Regarding the mechanisms of renal scarring in pyelonephritis, several hypotheses have been put forward, among which oxidative stress is prominent. The present study investigated the possible protective effect of melatonin treatment against <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced oxidative injury and scarring in renal tissue. For this purpose, 0.1\u2003mL <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> (ATCC 25922; 10<jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup> colony\u2010forming units\/mL) or saline was injected directly into the renal parenchyma of Wistar rats. Pyelonephritic rats were treated with either saline or melatonin (10\u2003mg\/kg) intraperitoneally. Twenty\u2010four hours or 1\u2003wk after <jats:italic>E. Coli<\/jats:italic> injection, rats were decapitated and trunk blood samples were collected for BUN, creatinine, tumor necrosis factor\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> (TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) determination. In kidney samples, histological analysis was performed, and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and collagen contents were measured. Formation of reactive oxygen species was monitored using a chemiluminescence (CL) technique. <jats:italic>Escherichia Coli<\/jats:italic> inoculation caused a significant reduction in renal GSH levels, which was accompanied by significant increases in MDA levels, MPO activity, CL levels and collagen content of the renal tissues (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05\u20130.001). Similarly, serum TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and, LDH, BUN and creatinine levels were elevated in the pyelonephritic rats when compared with control animals. Melatonin treatment reversed all these biochemical indices, as well as histopathological alterations induced by acute pyelonephritis. The protective effects of melatonin can be ascribed to its ability to inhibit neutrophil infiltration, to balance the oxidant\u2013antioxidant status, and to regulate the generation of inflammatory mediators, suggesting a future role for melatonin in the treatment of acute pyelonephritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079x.2006.00357.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,22]],"date-time":"2006-06-22T09:55:13Z","timestamp":1150970113000},"page":"220-227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Melatonin prevents neutrophil\u2010mediated oxidative injury in <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\u2010induced pyelonephritis in rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"G\u00f6ksel","family":"\u015eener","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halil","family":"Tu\u011ftepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayliz","family":"Velio\u011flu\u2010\u00d6\u011f\u00fcn\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eule","family":"\u00c7etinel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nursal","family":"Gedik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berrak \u00c7.","family":"Ye\u011fen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115644"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.7.2196-2202.1989","article-title":"Relationship between neutrophil\u2010mediated oxidative injury during acute experimental pyelonephritis and chronic renal scarring","volume":"57","author":"Meylan PR","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infect Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00857888"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1981.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4800(81)90033-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00860942"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","first-page":"57","article-title":"Melatonin: a potent, endogenous hydroxyl radical scavenger","volume":"1","author":"Tan DX","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb21831.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(94)00666-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(97)00008-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3835(93)90076-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","first-page":"171","article-title":"Melatonin: mechanisms and actions as an antioxidant","volume":"24","author":"Reiter RJ","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Topics Biophys"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/CBB:34:2:237"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2005.00295.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.1999.00063.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01484513"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365516509077065"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(72)90254-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(78)52032-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Glutathione in Red Blood Cell Metabolism A Manual of Biochemical Methods","author":"Beutler E","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-5402(90)90013-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.2.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(01)00421-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/33.8.2410480"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.09403.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","first-page":"319","volume-title":"Experimental Models in Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","author":"Glauser MP","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","first-page":"345","article-title":"Immunization against retrograde pyelonephritis. 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