{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T19:48:45Z","timestamp":1770061725361,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,26]],"date-time":"2006-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1161820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pineal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Melatonin, a secretory product of the pineal gland, is involved in the regulation of circadian and seasonal rhythms, in oncostasis, and in inducing osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, melatonin is a scavenger of a number of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the antioxidant nature of melatonin was shown to prevent cultured neural cells from apoptosis induced by endocrine\u2010disrupting chemical, maneb. The neurotoxicity of the fungicide, maneb (1\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL), on the PC12 cells was elicited through apoptotic cell death, concomitant with aggregation of <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010synuclein, a feature of Parkinson's disease. Activation of caspase\u20103\/7 was associated with this process. A fluorescence rationing technique using a mitochondrial dye revealed that maneb altered the mitochondrial membrane potential of the neural cells. However, melatonin (1\u2003n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) largely prevented the neural cells from the neural toxicant by inhibition of both caspase\u20103\/7 activation and disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Furthermore, aggregation of <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010synuclein by maneb was also inhibited by melatonin. Thus, melatonin prevents maneb\u2010induced neurodegeneration at a nighttime physiological blood concentration, most likely by inhibiting the aggregation of <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010synuclein as well as preventing mitochondrial dysfunction in PC 12 cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079x.2006.00390.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,26]],"date-time":"2006-10-26T14:21:09Z","timestamp":1161872469000},"page":"125-130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Melatonin inhibits maneb\u2010induced aggregation of <i>\u03b1<\/i>\u2010synuclein in rat pheochromocytoma 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