{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:00:26Z","timestamp":1777914026266,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]],"date-time":"2007-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pineal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Prior studies show that melatonin enhances the immune response. This study investigated the possible therapeutic effects of melatonin during the course of <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic> infection. <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected male Wistar rats were orally treated with 5\u2003mg\/kg body weight\/day of melatonin. Animals treated with melatonin showed a significant reduction in the number of blood trypomastigotes during the acute phase of infection compared with untreated animals (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05). A significant increase in leucocytes numbers during the peak of parasitaemia was also observed (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05). Moreover, both prior and concomitant treatment with melatonin increased interleukin\u20102 levels, especially 9\u2003days postinfection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05). Histopathological observations of heart tissue revealed that melatonin administration also resulted in fewer and smaller amastigote burdens, and less inflammatory infiltrate and tissue disorganization, indicating a reduced parasitism of this tissue. These results show that melatonin is effective in controlling parasite replication and suggest that melatonin might serve as an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of American trypanosomiasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079x.2007.00427.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]],"date-time":"2007-03-07T14:37:44Z","timestamp":1173278264000},"page":"359-363","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Melatonin treatment reduces the severity of experimental <i>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Fabr\u00edcia Helena","family":"Santello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Os\u00f3rio","family":"Frare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla Domingues","family":"Dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00edriam Paula Alonso","family":"Toldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura Midori","family":"Kawasse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio","family":"Zucoloto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Jos\u00e9 Cl\u00f3vis","family":"Do Prado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","volume-title":"Control of Chagas\u2019 Disease","author":"WHO","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360050364"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360050639"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.08.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2005.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"349","article-title":"Trypanosoma cruzi: maintenance of parasite\u2010specific T cell responses in lymph nodes during the acute phase of infection","volume":"70","author":"Curotto\u2010De\u2010Lafaille MA","year":"1990","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(78)90059-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3955","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.8.3955","article-title":"Cytokine and nitric oxide regulation of the immunosuppression in Trypanosoma cruzi infection","volume":"155","author":"Abrahamsohn IA","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830150505"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1999.1463"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652002000100006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.9.13.7557023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(99)00479-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000227218"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(86)90047-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-005-7755-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"384","article-title":"Role of the pineal gland in immunity: II. 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