{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T05:09:57Z","timestamp":1768453797298,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,15]],"date-time":"2003-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1071446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Snowboard injuries in a Swedish ski area were evaluated from 1989 to 1999. All injured skiers (alpine, telemark, snowboarders) who sought medical attention at the local Medical Center within 48\u2003h of the accident, were asked to answer an injury form. Physicians assessed and treated the injured skiers. There were a total of 1775 injured skiers; 568 injured snowboarders mean age 19 years. The female\/male ratio was 34\/66%, the injury rate 3\/1000 skier days, three times higher than that of alpine skiers. The skill level of the injured snowboard riders improved during the period. The fall\/run ratio of the beginners was higher (1.0) and their risk behavior lower (3.9 on visual analogue scale 1\u201310) in comparison to the advanced riders (0.4 and 6.6, respectively).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Injuries were in 54% located to the upper extremity, 35% were wrist\/lower arm injuries. Beginners had significantly higher frequency of lower arm\/wrist injuries (46%), than average (32%) and advanced riders (20%). The most frequent single diagnosis was wrist\/lower arm fracture (20%). Advanced riders tend to have more head\/neck injuries than beginners, 17% vs. 13% (NS). Thus, with elevated skill level the injury pattern changed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>For injury prevention, wrist guards and helmets are recommended for snowboard riders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2003.00342.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,29]],"date-time":"2004-12-29T14:53:46Z","timestamp":1104332026000},"page":"128-133","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["A 10\u2010year study of snowboard injuries in Lapland Sweden"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Made","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.\u2010G.","family":"Elmqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Snowboarding injuries","volume":"145","author":"Abu\u2010Laban RB.","year":"1991","journal-title":"an analysis and comparison with alpine skiing injuries"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"701","article-title":"Australian snowboard injury data base study","volume":"21","author":"Bladin C","year":"1993","journal-title":"a four-year prospective study"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(95)90749-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199608000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"Committee on injury scalingThe abbreviated injury scale 1990 revision Des Plaine Ill Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine 1990."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"Snowboarding injuries, a four\u2010year study with comparison with alpine ski injuries","volume":"64","author":"Davidson TM","year":"1996","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100207"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"114","article-title":"Snowboarding injuries","volume":"20","author":"Ganong RB","year":"1992","journal-title":"a report on 415 patients"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500215"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260061501","article-title":"Dynamic impact response of human cadaveric forearms using a wrist brace","volume":"26","author":"Greenwald RM","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/STP25576S"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"1589","article-title":"Downhill skiing is developing \u2013 snowboard and telemark skiing give new injury pattern","volume":"88","author":"Jorgsholm P","year":"1991","journal-title":"Sw Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260021901"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270012301"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658901700610"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(95)00085-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.33.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465010290051001","article-title":"The efficacy of wrist protectors in preventing snowboarding injuries","volume":"29","author":"Roenning R","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199804000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199611283352202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/STP25575S"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/STP18288S"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270041501"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","unstructured":"SLAOSwedish Lift Organisation Yearly Reports. 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