{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T13:51:26Z","timestamp":1758981086120},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,12]],"date-time":"2008-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1218499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background\/purpose: <\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic> confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) is a modern non\u2010invasive method for investigation of the skin that allows real\u2010time visualization of individual cells and sub\u2010cellular structures at resolution similar to the one provided by routine histopathology. Our aim was to investigate the potential of CLSM for non\u2010invasive diagnosis of pemphigus foliaceus (PF).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods: <\/jats:bold> Pre\u2010existing and mechanically induced lesions in two cases of PF were examined by means of CLSM, parallel to routine histology, direct immunofluorescence microscopy and enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay performed in the same patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results: <\/jats:bold> The morphological features characteristic for PF, namely an intraepidermal blister with acantholytic cells in the blister cavity, were readily detectable by means of CLSM. The findings were consistent in both patients and across the investigated lesions. The confocal images were consistent with the routine histology of the pre\u2010existing lesions. No differences in the confocal images of pre\u2010existing lesions compared with mechanically induced ones were observed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions: <\/jats:bold> Our findings suggest the potential of CLSM as a non\u2010invasive tool for the diagnosis of pemphigus and differentiation of its subtype. Although at present the method cannot replace the current diagnostic standards for pemphigus, it may be successfully used as <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> non\u2010invasive screening tool to facilitate the diagnosis and point to the need for further investigation of the patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2008.00332.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,13]],"date-time":"2008-08-13T01:24:30Z","timestamp":1218590670000},"page":"40-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["<i>In vivo<\/i> confocal laser scanning microscopy for non\u2010invasive diagnosis of pemphigus foliaceus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Angelova\u2010Fischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Pfeuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Zillikens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-006-0416-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01337.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","first-page":"332","article-title":"Age related changes of human skin investigated with histometric measurements by confocal laser scanning microscopy in vivo","volume":"146","author":"Sauermann K","year":"2002","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","first-page":"101","article-title":"In vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy of human skin II","volume":"113","author":"Rajadhyaksha R","year":"1999","journal-title":"advances in instrumentation and comparison to histology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.117395"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21910"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.23605.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","first-page":"337","article-title":"Characterization of psoriasis in vivo by confocal reflectance microscopy","volume":"30","author":"Gonzales S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.105560"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.105566"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000057879"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","first-page":"201","article-title":"Confocal reflectance imaging of folliculitis in vivo","volume":"26","author":"Gonzales S","year":"1999","journal-title":"correlation with routine histology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","first-page":"1076","article-title":"A better potassium hydroxide preparation? 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